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高速誘導(dǎo)輪離心泵內(nèi)空化發(fā)展可視化實驗與數(shù)值模擬
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51579225、51776189)和浙江省教育廳一般項目(Y201432052)


Experiment and Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Evolution in High Speed Centrifugal Pump with Inducer
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    摘要:

    為了研究高速誘導(dǎo)輪離心泵內(nèi)空化發(fā)生發(fā)展規(guī)律,采用高速攝像技術(shù),對離心泵內(nèi)誘導(dǎo)輪與葉輪流道的空化流動進行可視化研究,并結(jié)合CFD數(shù)值計算對離心泵內(nèi)部流場進行模擬分析。結(jié)果表明:在空化初生階段(汽蝕余量為5.0m),誘導(dǎo)輪葉片前緣出現(xiàn)葉頂泄漏渦空化;在空化發(fā)展階段(汽蝕余量為1.07~5.0m),流動極為復(fù)雜,在誘導(dǎo)輪流道內(nèi)同時出現(xiàn)葉頂泄漏渦空化、片狀空化和云狀空化,并且在較低汽蝕余量(汽蝕余量為1.5m)時,出現(xiàn)不對稱空化現(xiàn)象。在空化初生和發(fā)展階段,泵的揚程和效率基本保持不變;在空化惡化階段(汽蝕余量小于1.07m),誘導(dǎo)輪流道內(nèi)基本被空泡堵塞,空泡進入葉輪流道,導(dǎo)致離心泵揚程和效率急劇下降。

    Abstract:

    Cavitation is one of the main causes that jeopardize the steady operation of high speed centrifugal pump. An inducer installed in the upsteam of the impeller is an effective method to improve the cavitation resistance performance of the pump. In order to investigate the evolution process of cavitation in a low-specific high speed centrifugal pump with inducer, the visual experiments of cavitating flow in impeller and inducer passages were carried out by high speed photography. And the internal flow characteristics of the centrifugal pump were analyzed by CFD technology. The experimental results showed that cavitation inception occurred near the blade leading edge of inducer when ΔH was 5.0m, which was mainly caused by the tip leakage vortex. In the process of cavitation development (1.07m<ΔH<5.0m), cavitation phenomenon was very complex in which tip leakage vortex cavitation, sheet cavitation and cloud cavitation could be observed in the blade passage of inducer. Also it was found that asymmetric cavitation as one type of cavitation instabilities occurred when net positive suction head was lower (ΔH was 1.5m). Both in the periods of cavitation inception and development, the head and efficiency of high speed centrifugal pump with inducer basically remained the original data. The backflow vortex cavitation occurred at the inducer inlet near the shroud in the period of cavitation deterioration (ΔH<1.07m). Meanwhile, the bubble generally blocked the whole passage of inducer and spread to the impeller passage that resulted in breakdown of the head and efficiency in high speed centrifugal pump with inducer.

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崔寶玲,陳杰,李曉俊,林哲,蔡海兵,韓安達.高速誘導(dǎo)輪離心泵內(nèi)空化發(fā)展可視化實驗與數(shù)值模擬[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2018,49(4):148-155. CUI Baoling, CHEN Jie, LI Xiaojun, LIN Zhe, CAI Haibing, HAN Anda. Experiment and Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Evolution in High Speed Centrifugal Pump with Inducer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(4):148-155.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-09-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-04-10
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