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貫流式水輪機低頻脈動及尾水管渦帶特性研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(51339005、51579080)和安徽省自然科學基金面上項目(1608085ME119)


Investigation on Low Frequency Pulsating and Draft Tube Vortex of Tubular Turbine
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    摘要:

    為了研究貫流式水輪機內部低頻壓力脈動特性,針對某電站貫流式水輪機進行了非定常數(shù)值計算,分析了不同工況下水輪機內部的壓力脈動特性,揭示了貫流式水輪機低頻壓力脈動產生的機理,并提出了改善低頻脈動的方案。研究表明,在額定工況和小流量工況下,水輪機內部的壓力脈動主要受到葉片通過頻率(5.26Hz)以及低頻脈動(0.20Hz)的影響,低頻脈動的幅值從水輪機進口到出口逐漸增加,且小流量工況的低頻壓力幅值較額定工況高;不同工況下,水輪機尾水管內均存在一個與轉輪旋轉方向一致的螺旋狀偏心渦帶,該渦帶按一定周期演變,其對應頻率為0.22Hz,與低頻壓力脈動頻率(0.20Hz)較為接近,因此可以說明該水輪機內部的低頻壓力脈動是尾水管渦帶引起的;為了減小水輪機低頻壓力脈動系數(shù)幅值,提出了一種在尾水管內增設導流板的方案,該方案能有效降低由尾水管渦帶引起的低頻壓力脈動系數(shù)幅值,導流板通過降低尾水管內的渦帶能量,達到消渦目的。研究結果可為貫流式水輪機組的穩(wěn)定運行提供依據。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the characteristics of low frequency pressure pulsation of tubular turbine, the unsteady internal flow field in a tubular turbine of a power station was numerically simulated. The pressure pulsation characteristics of the turbine under different working conditions were also analyzed. The UG software was used to build the model which mainly consisted of inlet conduit, bulb body, guide vane, runner and draft tube. The results showed that the pressure pulsation in the turbine was mainly affected by the rotation frequency of blade (5.26Hz) and the low-frequency pressure-pulse (0.20Hz) under the rated condition and low flow rate condition. The amplitude of the low frequency pulsation at 0.20Hz was increased gradually from the turbine inlet to the outlet. And the amplitude under the low flow rate condition was higher than that of the rated condition. There was a helical vortex rope in the draft tube which had the same direction with the runner hand of rotation. The frequency of the vortex rope in the draft tube was 0.22Hz. The low frequency pressure fluctuation frequency was mainly caused by the vortex rope. In order to reduce the influence of vortex rope, the deflector was used in the draft tube. The vortex was eliminated by reducing the energy of vortex. The steady operation of the turbine has been the focus in recent years. At the same time, the low-frequency pressure-pulse in the turbine was an important factor which affected the stable operation of the turbine. The research result had reference value for the stable operation of tubular turbine.

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鄭源,蔣文青,陳宇杰,孫奧冉.貫流式水輪機低頻脈動及尾水管渦帶特性研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2018,49(4):165-171. ZHENG Yuan, JIANG Wenqing, CHEN Yujie, SUN Aoran. Investigation on Low Frequency Pulsating and Draft Tube Vortex of Tubular Turbine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(4):165-171.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-06-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-04-10
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