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茄子缽苗全自動(dòng)移栽機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700800)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(51775104)和黑龍江省應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究與開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃重大項(xiàng)目(GA16B302)


Optimal Design and Experiment of Fully-automated Potted Eggplant Seedling Transplanting Mechanism
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    摘要:

    為了實(shí)現(xiàn)茄子缽苗的全自動(dòng)機(jī)械化移栽,設(shè)計(jì)了一種全自動(dòng)茄子缽苗移栽機(jī)構(gòu),提出了一種以牛頓插值法構(gòu)建的新型非圓齒輪,建立了茄子缽苗移栽機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型。通過(guò)農(nóng)藝與農(nóng)機(jī)的結(jié)合,以缽盤(pán)規(guī)格、基質(zhì)體積比、土缽含水率為試驗(yàn)因素,取苗力與土缽基質(zhì)損失率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了三因素三水平的正交試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,缽盤(pán)規(guī)格105穴、基質(zhì)體積比1、土缽含水率70%~80%時(shí),取苗力為2.70N,土缽基質(zhì)損失率為2.94%,利于茄子缽苗的全自動(dòng)機(jī)械化移栽。根據(jù)移栽機(jī)構(gòu)數(shù)學(xué)模型結(jié)合茄子缽苗農(nóng)藝要求,開(kāi)發(fā)了牛頓插值齒輪茄子缽苗移栽機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與分析軟件,優(yōu)化出一組滿足茄子缽苗移栽要求的參數(shù)。根據(jù)優(yōu)化的參數(shù)進(jìn)行三維建模、虛擬仿真,運(yùn)用3D打印技術(shù)制作物理樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了軌跡驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了該機(jī)構(gòu)的正確性與可行性,通過(guò)取苗試驗(yàn)與栽植試驗(yàn),證明了該機(jī)構(gòu)的實(shí)用性。

    Abstract:

    In order to realize the automatic transplanting of potted eggplant seedling, a fully-automated potted eggplant seedling transplanting mechanism was designed based on a new type of non-circular gear which was proposed according to Newton interpolation method and the kinematic model of the mechanism was built. Orthogonal experiment with three factors and three levels was carried out according to the combination of agronomy and agricultural machinery. The experiment factors were the size of the pot tray, the volume ratio of the matrix and the water content of the bowl. The experiment indexes were the strength of picking seedling and the loss rate of the matrix. Test results showed that it is beneficial for the full-automated mechanism to transplant the potted eggplant seedling when the size of the bowl was 105, the volume ratio of the matrix was 1, the water content of the pot body was 70%~80%, the picking strength was 270N, and the loss rate of the mortar matrix was 294%. According to the mathematical model of transplanting mechanism and eggplant seedling agronomy requirements, computer-aided analysis and optimization software of the automatic transplanting mechanism was developed and used to obtain a set of parameters which satisfied the transplanting operation requirements. The optimized parameters were used for three-dimensional modeling and virtual simulation testing, and 3D printing technology was used to make a physical prototype for the trajectory verification test, which verified the validity and feasibility of the mechanism. The picking seedling tests and the transplanting tests certified the practicability of the mechanism.

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趙勻,劉星,薛向磊,張衛(wèi)星,單伊尹,周脈樂(lè).茄子缽苗全自動(dòng)移栽機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(5):152-160. ZHAO Yun, LIU Xing, XUE Xianglei, ZHANG Weixing, SHAN Yiyin, ZHOU Maile. Optimal Design and Experiment of Fully-automated Potted Eggplant Seedling Transplanting Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(5):152-160.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-05-10
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