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玉米分層正位穴施肥精播機(jī)SPH仿真與試驗
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2015BAD23B02)


Simulation and Test of Corn Layer Alignment Position Hole Fertilization Seeder Based on SPH
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    摘要:

    為了有效地將化肥集中施在玉米植株下方根系生長的區(qū)域內(nèi),以減少化肥用量,設(shè)計了一種玉米分層正位穴施肥精播機(jī)。在對穴施肥精播機(jī)進(jìn)行實體建模的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合MAT147土壤材料模型與SPH(光滑粒子流體動力學(xué))算法,運用LS-DYNA模擬并分析了穴施肥系統(tǒng)的間歇排肥機(jī)構(gòu)的落肥狀態(tài),以及分層排肥管將化肥施入土壤之后的分布情況。通過土槽和田間試驗驗證,表明分層正位穴施肥精播機(jī)能夠精確地將所需化肥按預(yù)定比例施入不同深度土層中,化肥分布于種子正下方深度為7~23cm的土層內(nèi),化肥集中在最深施肥層中,并且化肥分布由深至淺依次遞減,符合玉米生長過程中的實際需肥規(guī)律。

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    It is an effective way to reduce chemical fertilizer consumption by changing the fertilization method from traditional strip fertilization to applying fertilizer to concentrated growth zone around the roots of the corn plant. A kind of full layer and hole fertilization of corn seeder was designed. The virtual prototype of fertilizer distributor was designed, and the physical engine in Solidworks was used to carry out the motion simulation of the batch fertilizer and the discharge pipe, and optimize the discharging mechanism to make the fertilizer discharge faster and more concentrated, so that the fertilizer can be applied into the soil in 0.15s. LS-DYNA was used to simulate and analyze the falling fertilizer status of intermittent fertilizer mechanism of the layer and hole fertilization system, and the distribution of fertilizer in soil applied by the layered fertilizer pipe, with the MAT147 soil model and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH)algorithm. The simulation results showed that the mechanism can apply fertilizer to the depth from 7cm to 23cm under the surface of soil, and concentrate in a cylindrical space with diameter of 150mm. The amount of fertilizer in this space was increased with the increase of depth, and the quantity was maximum in the deepest layer, it met the practical application requirements of corn plant growth and reduced unnecessary fertilizer waste. Soil bin test and field test were carried out, and the results agreed well with the simulation results. This novel layer hole fertilization can effectively reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizer.

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張俊雄,劉華猛,高 金,藺澤虹,陳 英.玉米分層正位穴施肥精播機(jī)SPH仿真與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2018,49(9):66-72. ZHANG Junxiong, LIU Huameng, GAO Jin, LIN Zehong, CHEN Ying. Simulation and Test of Corn Layer Alignment Position Hole Fertilization Seeder Based on SPH[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):66-72.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-09-10
  • 出版日期: 2018-09-10
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