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柔性差速帶式單株大豆脫粒裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項經(jīng)費項目(201303011)和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項資金項目(GARS-04)


Design and Experiment on Single-plant Soybean Threshing Device with Differential Speed Flexible Belts
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    摘要:

    針對育種單株大豆脫粒過程中的大豆籽粒混雜和機(jī)械損傷等問題,設(shè)計了一種柔性差速帶式單株大豆脫粒機(jī)的脫粒裝置。為尋求脫粒裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)與工作參數(shù)對其性能的影響規(guī)律和最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合,采用4因素5水平二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗方法,以脫粒間隙、上下帶速度差、下帶速度和脫粒行程為影響因素,〖JP2〗以大豆籽粒的未脫凈率、夾帶損失率、破碎率和平均生產(chǎn)率為評價指標(biāo),對其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化試驗研究。結(jié)果表明:對于籽粒含水率16%~18%的收獲期大豆種子,當(dāng)脫粒間隙7.55~13.00mm、上下帶速度差0.59~0.70m/s、下帶速度0.84m/s、脫粒行程660mm時,脫粒裝置的未脫凈率低于1.2%、夾帶損失率低于0.9%、破碎率低于0.8%、平均生產(chǎn)率高于35kg/h。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of soybean grain mixing and mechanical damage caused by single threshing process of soybean. A threshing device was designed for singleplant thresher with differential speed flexible belts. Single threshing was an important part of breeding experiments because it can avoid mixed seeds when there was smaller breeding area, small sample size and precious varieties. Meanwhile, most of the existing threshing devices were rollertype and made by rigid materials, which could cause mechanical damage to the soybean grains easily. However, the new soybean threshing device solved the problem of mechanical damage which would affect the germination and emergence of soybean seeds. And in order to find the optimal combination of the structure and working parameters of the differential flexible belt type soybean thresher, the method of fourfactor with fivelevel quadratic regression orthogonal rotation center combination was employed. The factor of cylinder clearance, top and low section velocity difference, low section velocity, threshing trip were discussed. And the loss of unthreshed grain, loss of entrap grain, cracked grains and average productivity were selected as evaluating indexes. The results showed that the rank of the effect of four factors on loss of unthreshed grain from high to low was as follows: top and low section velocity difference, the cylinder clearance, low section velocity and threshing trip; on loss of entrap grain: low section velocity, the cylinder clearance, threshing trip, top and low section velocity difference; on cracked grains: the cylinder clearance, top and low section velocity difference, threshing trip and low section velocity; on average productivity: threshing trip, low section velocity difference, the cylinder clearance, top and low section velocity difference. In the case of soybean grain with 16%~18% moisture content, the optimum combination region of the 〖JP2〗cylinder clearance was 7.55~13.00mm, the top and low section velocity difference was 0.59~0.70m/s,〖JP〗 the low section velocity difference was 0.84m/s, the threshing trip was 660mm; under this condition, loss of unthreshed grain was less than 12%, loss of entrap grain was less than 09%, cracked grains were less than 0.8%, average productivity was more than 35kg/h. The results laid a theoretical foundation for the development of singleplant thresher with differential speed flexible belts.

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陳海濤,滕宇嬌,王業(yè)成,史乃煜,王 星.柔性差速帶式單株大豆脫粒裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2018,49(9):96-104. CHEN Haitao, TENG Yujiao, WANG Yecheng, SHI Naiyu, WANG Xing. Design and Experiment on Single-plant Soybean Threshing Device with Differential Speed Flexible Belts[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):96-104.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-09-10
  • 出版日期: 2018-09-10