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傾轉(zhuǎn)三旋翼垂直起降無(wú)人機(jī)懸停姿態(tài)控制
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFC0403203)、 中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2452015050)、陜西水利科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014slkj-18)和西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201710712040)


Hovering Attitude Control of Tilt Rri-rotor VTOL Aircraft
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)一種傾轉(zhuǎn)三旋翼垂直起降(VTOL)飛行器在懸停狀態(tài)下的姿態(tài)控制問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于STM32系列微控制器的飛行控制系統(tǒng)。采用十軸組合慣性導(dǎo)航模塊實(shí)時(shí)采集載機(jī)平臺(tái)姿態(tài)信息,并結(jié)合基于四元數(shù)的互補(bǔ)濾波算法進(jìn)行姿態(tài)信息解算。針對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)姿態(tài)控制實(shí)時(shí)性和精度要求高的特點(diǎn),采用串級(jí)PID控制算法對(duì)載機(jī)進(jìn)行懸停狀態(tài)下的姿態(tài)控制。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:串級(jí)PID控制算法在懸停狀態(tài)下能夠?qū)A轉(zhuǎn)三旋翼垂直起降飛行器進(jìn)行快速、穩(wěn)定、準(zhǔn)確的姿態(tài)控制,并具有一定的魯棒性。在橫滾角的內(nèi)環(huán)采用PD控制(Kp為8.371,Kd為3.015),外環(huán)采用PD控制(Kp為5.1,Kd為1.15);俯仰角的內(nèi)環(huán)采用PD控制(Kp為3.137,Kd為1.6),外環(huán)采用PID控制(Kp為3.43,Ki為0.003,Kd為3.97);偏航角采用PI控制(Kp為9.30,Ki為0.11)時(shí),其懸停狀態(tài)下具有最優(yōu)姿態(tài)控制效果。研究結(jié)果對(duì)傾轉(zhuǎn)三旋翼垂直起降飛行器飛行控制的后續(xù)研究具有指導(dǎo)作用。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to the control of a tilt tri-rotor vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft, and the flight control system based on STM32 microprocessor was designed. Ten axes inertial navigation module was used to collect the real time position data and satellite navigation data of the carrier, and the attitude and location information was calculated by using fusion algorithm based on quaternion. Cascade PID control system was adopted, aiming at the real-time and high-accuracy feature of attitude control of UAV. Aiming at the unstable problem in the tilt tri-rotor VTOL aircraft, a PID controller with incomplete derivative was proposed. The controller adding a first-order inertial link in the derivative can reduce the negative effect of external interference on the system. Finally, the verify flight was carried out to test the pitch, yaw and roll motions of the aircraft. The results demonstrated that cascade PID controller with incomplete derivative can control the attitude of the tilt tri-rotor VTOL aircraft quickly, stably and accurately in helicopter mode, which had good robustness. In addition, cascade PID controller with incomplete derivative can reduce the difficulty of parameter tuning. The control system had a good performance with the setting of roll angle (inner ring Kp was 8.371, Kd was 3.015 and outer ring Kp was 5.1, Kd was 1.15), pitch angle (inner ring Kp was 3.137, Kd was 1.6 and outer ring Kp was 3.43, Ki was 0.003, Kd was 3.97), yaw angle (Kp was 9.30 and Ki was 0.11). And the controller designed could meet the performance requirements of the control system. It provided guidance for the follow-up study on flight control of the tilt tri-rotor VTOL aircraft. 

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許景輝,馬賀,周建峰,田鈺強(qiáng),韓文霆.傾轉(zhuǎn)三旋翼垂直起降無(wú)人機(jī)懸停姿態(tài)控制[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(10):16-22. XU Jinghui, MA He, ZHOU Jianfeng, TIAN Yuqiang, HAN Wenting. Hovering Attitude Control of Tilt Rri-rotor VTOL Aircraft[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(10):16-22.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-04-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-10-10
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