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彈齒式殘膜回收機(jī)撿拾裝置改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0701102)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51805305)、山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018GNC112006)、山東省農(nóng)機(jī)裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YF020-09)和山東省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(CXGC2018E18)


Improved Design and Experiment on Pickup Unit of Spring-tooth Residual Plastic Film Collector
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)彈齒式殘膜回收機(jī)撿拾裝置與地面接觸不充分造成殘膜回收率低的問題,通過增設(shè)起膜部件,重置拾膜彈齒排布,改進(jìn)了殘膜撿拾裝置結(jié)構(gòu)。通過對(duì)田間覆膜特點(diǎn)和殘膜在起膜桿齒上移動(dòng)條件進(jìn)行分析,確定了起膜桿齒入土角范圍及排布方式。對(duì)拾膜彈齒進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,確定了其在殘膜撿拾過程中的運(yùn)動(dòng)方程和運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡,并確定了殘膜不漏挑的條件。依照Box-Benhnken試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)原理,以機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度、起膜桿齒入土角、輸膜鏈耙轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗(yàn)因素,以殘膜回收率和殘膜含雜率為響應(yīng)值,通過回歸分析和響應(yīng)面分析,建立了機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度、起膜桿齒入土角、輸膜鏈耙轉(zhuǎn)速與殘膜回收率和殘膜含雜率之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并對(duì)各因素及其交互作用進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明:各因素對(duì)殘膜回收率的影響由大到小為:起膜桿齒入土角、機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度、輸膜鏈耙轉(zhuǎn)速;各因素對(duì)殘膜含雜率的影響由大到小為:輸膜鏈耙轉(zhuǎn)速、起膜桿齒入土角、機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度。應(yīng)用Design-Expert軟件的尋優(yōu)功能對(duì)回歸方程進(jìn)行優(yōu)化求解,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度為5.21km/h、起膜桿齒入土角為30.8°和輸膜鏈耙轉(zhuǎn)速為236r/min時(shí),殘膜回收率最大值為91.4%,殘膜含雜率最小值為3.21%,田間驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明該參數(shù)下殘膜回收率為91.2%,殘膜含雜率為3.1%,理論值和試驗(yàn)值誤差小于3%。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems that insufficient contact between ground and pickup attachment of spring-tooth topsoil residual plastic film collector, additional releasing film part and rearranged film-retrieving spring teeth was used to improve the structure of residual plastic film pickup attachment. The conditions for residual plastic film to move on the film-releasing rod teeth were analyzed to determine the scope and arrangement of penetrating angle of film-releasing rod teeth. The film-retrieving spring teeth were kinematically and kinetically analyzed to determine the kinematic equation and motion trail of spring teeth in the process of picking up residual plastic film. According to the design principle of Box-Benhnken experiment, taking the forward speed, penetrating angle of film-releasing rod teeth and rotational speed film-delivering chain harrow as experimental factors and the recovery rate and impurities rate of residual plastic film as response values, based on regression analysis and response surface analysis, a mathematical model between forward speed, penetrating angle of film-releasing rod teeth, rotational speed film-delivering chain harrow and recovery rate and impurities rate of residual plastic film was built and the aforesaid factors and their interactions were analyzed. The result showed that the factors that most affected the recovery rate of residual plastic film were the penetrating angle of film-releasing rod teeth, forward speed and rotational speed film-delivering chain harrow in descending order;and the factors that most affected the impurities rate of residual plastic film were the rotational speed film-delivering chain harrow, penetrating angle of film-releasing rod teeth and forward speed in descending order. Design-Expert software was used to obtain the optimal solution to the regression equation, which showed that when the forward speed, penetrating angle of film-releasing rod teeth and rotational speed film-delivering chain harrow were 5.21km/h, 30.8°and 236r/min, respectively, the theoretical maximum recovery rate of residual plastic film and minimum impurities rate of residual plastic film were 91.4% and 3.21%. respectively. Field validation test showed that the recovery rate and impurities rate of residual plastic film under the above parameters were 91.2% and 3.1%, respectively, the error between theoretical and experimental values was less than 3%.

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康建明,彭強(qiáng)吉,王士國(guó),宋裕民,曹肆林,何磊.彈齒式殘膜回收機(jī)撿拾裝置改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(s1):295-303. KANG Jianming, PENG Qiangji, WANG Shiguo, SONG Yumin, CAO Silin, HE Lei. Improved Design and Experiment on Pickup Unit of Spring-tooth Residual Plastic Film Collector[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(s1):295-303.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-11-10
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