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丘陵地區(qū)藍(lán)莓園智能灌溉決策系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700504)、江蘇省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(BE2016337)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51575244)和農(nóng)業(yè)部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201503130)


Design of Intelligent Irrigation Decision System for Blueberry Garden in Hilly Area
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)丘陵地區(qū)藍(lán)莓園灌溉過程中水資源浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重、勞動(dòng)力嚴(yán)重短缺的問題,基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù),研究并設(shè)計(jì)了一套智能灌溉決策系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)包括信息采集模塊、無(wú)線通信模塊、智能決策模塊和灌溉執(zhí)行模塊。信息采集模塊通過布設(shè)的土壤水分傳感器和小型氣象站實(shí)時(shí)采集藍(lán)莓園土壤墑情信息和環(huán)境信息(風(fēng)速、降雨量、溫度、濕度);無(wú)線傳輸模塊將信息采集模塊采集到的數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)發(fā)送到服務(wù)器端進(jìn)行分析處理,并將智能決策模塊的計(jì)算結(jié)果傳送給灌溉執(zhí)行模塊;智能決策模塊中,基于前期采集的歷史數(shù)據(jù)使用彭曼公式和土壤水平衡公式建立灌溉決策模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)蒸騰量和灌溉量的計(jì)算以及實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控與報(bào)警,該模型可根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)獲取的數(shù)據(jù),確定是否需要灌溉及最優(yōu)的灌溉量;灌溉執(zhí)行模塊根據(jù)接收到的灌溉信息及實(shí)際的灌溉速度計(jì)算灌溉時(shí)間,進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程灌溉;以Visual Studio軟件為平臺(tái),設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)上位機(jī)的監(jiān)控界面,可實(shí)現(xiàn)土壤和環(huán)境參數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)和存儲(chǔ)、作物需水狀況的分析管理以及實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警和灌溉決策。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該智能灌溉決策系統(tǒng)可在無(wú)人干預(yù)的情況下,根據(jù)傳感器采集的信息自行判斷作物需水情況,當(dāng)系統(tǒng)認(rèn)為作物需要灌溉時(shí)自行驅(qū)動(dòng)灌溉裝置完成灌溉,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)藍(lán)莓園的遠(yuǎn)程精確灌溉,節(jié)省了人力物力,有效提高了灌溉水的利用率。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of serious waste of water resources and serious shortage of labor in the irrigation process of blueberry gardens in hilly areas, a set of intelligent irrigation decision-making system was designed based on Internet of things technology. The system included an information acquisition module, a wireless communication module, an intelligent decision module and an irrigation execution module. The information collection module collected the soil moisture information and environmental information (wind speed, rainfall, temperature, humidity) of the blueberry garden through the soil moisture sensor and small weather station. The wireless transmission module sent the data collected by the information collection module to the server in real time. Analytical processing was carried out, and the calculation result of the intelligent decision-making module was transmitted to the irrigation execution module. In the intelligent decision-making module, based on the historical data collected in the previous stage, the Penman formula and the soil water balance formula were used to establish the irrigation decision model to realize transpiration amount and irrigation amount calculation and real-time monitoring and alarm. The model can determine whether irrigation and optimal irrigation amount were needed according to the data obtained in real time;the irrigation execution module calculated the irrigation time according to the received irrigation information and actual irrigation speed, and performed remote irrigation. Using Visual Studio software as the platform, the monitoring interface of the system host computer was designed to realize real-time detection and storage of soil and environmental parameters, analysis and management of crop water demand status, and real-time warning and irrigation decision. The test results showed that the intelligent irrigation decision-making system can independently judge the crop water demand based on the information collected by the sensor without intervention. When the system found that the crop needed irrigation, it would drive the irrigation device to complete the irrigation, thus realizing remote precision irrigation of blueberry garden. The remote precision irrigation saved manpower and material resources and effectively improved the utilization of irrigation water.

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沈建煒,李林,魏新華.丘陵地區(qū)藍(lán)莓園智能灌溉決策系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(s1):379-386. SHEN Jianwei, LI Lin, WEI Xinhua. Design of Intelligent Irrigation Decision System for Blueberry Garden in Hilly Area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(s1):379-386.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-11-10
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