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丹參膜上傾斜移栽機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計與試驗
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山東省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016ZDJS07A22)和“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2013BAD08B00)


Design and Test of Tilted Transplanting Mechanism on Mulch-film of Salvia miltiorrhiza
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    摘要:

    針對丹參膜上傾斜移栽人工作業(yè)效率和質(zhì)量較低、勞動強(qiáng)度較大、現(xiàn)有移栽機(jī)不適合丹參膜上傾斜移栽等問題,結(jié)合丹參大壟雙行覆膜高效生產(chǎn)技術(shù)提出的膜上傾斜移栽農(nóng)藝要求,設(shè)計一種基于變形橢圓齒輪-雙變速曲柄五桿機(jī)構(gòu)的鴨嘴式丹參膜上傾斜移栽機(jī)構(gòu)。在移栽機(jī)構(gòu)所要求的運(yùn)動軌跡、栽植器傾斜姿態(tài)和設(shè)計要求的基礎(chǔ)上,分析機(jī)構(gòu)的工作原理并建立機(jī)構(gòu)理論模型。依據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)模型運(yùn)用Matlab開發(fā)出移栽機(jī)構(gòu)人機(jī)交互可視化輔助程序,應(yīng)用該輔助程序研究機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù)對栽植器傾斜角和栽植器端點軌跡的影響規(guī)律,通過人機(jī)交互的方式得到符合丹參膜上傾斜移栽機(jī)構(gòu)農(nóng)藝要求的參數(shù)組合。根據(jù)優(yōu)化后的參數(shù)組合設(shè)計樣機(jī)并進(jìn)行虛擬仿真和樣機(jī)田間試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明:變形橢圓齒輪-雙變速曲柄五桿式丹參膜上傾斜移栽機(jī)構(gòu)在滿足丹參膜上傾斜移栽要求的同時能保證作業(yè)質(zhì)量,移栽機(jī)構(gòu)的立苗角度合格率為90.7%、漏栽率為2.7%、株距變異系數(shù)為5.6%、栽植深度合格率為93.7%。

    Abstract:

    In the view of low efficiency and quality and high labor intensity of Salvia miltiorrhiza tilted transplanting on mulch-film by artificial transplanting,the existing transplanter is not suitable for tilted transplanting of Salvia miltiorrhiza on mulch-film,and combining with the agronomic requirement of high efficiency production technology of Salvia miltiorrhiza big-ridge double-row on mulch-film,a duck-billed tilted transplanting mechanism for Salvia miltiorrhiza was designed based on deformed elliptical gear-double variable speed crank five-bar mechanism. On the basis of trajectory,tilted gesture of planting apparatus and design requirements which was required by transplanting mechanism,the working principle of the mechanism was analyzed and the theoretical model of mechanism was established. The visual auxiliary programs for human-computer interaction was established by using Matlab(Matrix Laboratory) dependeding on the theoretical model. With the help of auxiliary programs,the influence rules of parameters for mechanism on tilted angle and endpoint motion trajectory of planting apparatus were studied,the human-computer interactive method was used to get the parameters combination suited for agronomic requirements tilted transplanting mechanism on mulch-film of Salvia miltiorrhiza. According to the optimized parameters combination,the prototype was designed for virtual simulation and prototype field experiment. Prototype experiment showed that the deformed elliptical gear-double variable speed crank five-bar tilted transplanting mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza on mulch-film could meet the agronomic requirements of Salvia miltiorrhiza tilted transplanting on mulch-film while ensured the quality of operation,the seedling angle qualification rate was 90.7%,the leakage rate was 2.7%,the plant spacing variation coefficient was 5.6%,and the planting depth qualified rate was 93.7%.

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徐高偉,劉宏新,FARMAN A C,方會敏,薦世春,何騰飛.丹參膜上傾斜移栽機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2019,50(2):78-89,101. XU Gaowei, LIU Hongxin, FARMAN A C, FANG Huimin, JIAN Shichun, HE Tengfei. Design and Test of Tilted Transplanting Mechanism on Mulch-film of Salvia miltiorrhiza[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(2):78-89,101.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-02-10
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