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冬春鮮喂飼用油菜收獲機(jī)滾刀式切碎裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2662018JC005)、湖北省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系(高效冬春飼用作物)專項(xiàng)和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部科研杰出人才及創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目


Design and Experiment on Cylinder-type Chopping Device of Harvester for Fodder Rapeseed in Winter and Spring
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)長(zhǎng)江中下游地區(qū)飼用油菜生物量大、含水率高,缺乏適用收獲機(jī)械的問(wèn)題,開(kāi)展了冬春鮮喂飼用油菜機(jī)械化收獲切碎裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)。根據(jù)物料特性、切碎及拋送等作業(yè)要求,確定了平板型滾刀式切碎裝置主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和作業(yè)參數(shù);采用單因素與二次旋轉(zhuǎn)正交組合試驗(yàn)研究了喂入壓輥轉(zhuǎn)速與切碎器主軸轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)莖稈切碎長(zhǎng)度合格率和功耗的影響,構(gòu)建了長(zhǎng)度合格率和功耗與喂入壓輥轉(zhuǎn)速和切碎器主軸轉(zhuǎn)速的回歸方程,優(yōu)化得出了最佳作業(yè)參數(shù)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:喂入壓輥轉(zhuǎn)速為400~550r/min,切碎器主軸轉(zhuǎn)速為600~800r/min,莖稈切碎長(zhǎng)度合格率較優(yōu)。優(yōu)化得出喂入壓輥轉(zhuǎn)速496.17r/min、切碎器主軸轉(zhuǎn)速為709.14r/min時(shí),莖稈切碎長(zhǎng)度合格率為91.16%。采用平板型滾刀式切碎裝置開(kāi)展鮮喂飼用油菜收獲田間試驗(yàn)和飼喂試驗(yàn)表明:收獲飼用油菜切碎莖稈長(zhǎng)度滿足飼用油菜冬春鮮喂要求。

    Abstract:

    Fodder rapeseed is a good quality feed crop, and it can effectively alleviate the problem of lack of green feed for livestock in winter and spring. Because of high water content and crispy texture of fodder rapeseed, there is a lack of applicable harvesting machinery in Midlower Yangtze River. To solve the problems, a kind of cylindertype chopping device was designed. The structure and operation parameters of chopping device were analyzed through material properties and the requirements of cutting and throwing operations. Single factor experiment and rotation regression design were carried out to study the effects of feeding roller and cutterhead rotational speed on length qualified rate and power. The regression equation of the relationship between feeding roller and cutterhead rotational speed, and the length qualified rate and power was obtained. The results showed that the length qualified rate was better when the feeding roller rotational speed was 400~550r/min and the cutterhead rotational speed was 600~800r/min. The optimum operation condition was: the feeding roller rotational speed was 496.17r/min, the cutterhead rotational speed was 709.14r/min. Under this condition, the length qualified rate was 91.16% by calculation. What was more, the field experiment of fodder rapeseed harvester was conducted. It turned out that the cylinder-type chopping device worked well and the length qualified rate met the requirements of feeding. The results could provide support for optimization of the cylinder-type chopping device and the improvement of the overall structure for fodder rapeseed harvester.

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蔣亞軍,廖宜濤,廖慶喜.冬春鮮喂飼用油菜收獲機(jī)滾刀式切碎裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(2):102-111. JIANG Yajun, LIAO Yitao, LIAO Qingxi. Design and Experiment on Cylinder-type Chopping Device of Harvester for Fodder Rapeseed in Winter and Spring[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(2):102-111.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-02-10
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