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圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)清選室氣流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51305182)、浙江省科技廳公益技術(shù)應(yīng)用研究項(xiàng)目(2017C32097)和浙江省教育廳科研項(xiàng)目(Y201534330)


Numerical Simulation and Experiment of Airflow Field of Cleaning Room under Action of Conical Fan
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)橫置軸流聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)圓柱形風(fēng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生的氣流場(chǎng)不能解決脫出混合物在振動(dòng)篩篩面堆集的問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī),闡述了圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)利用橫向風(fēng)優(yōu)化脫出物篩面分布來(lái)改善清選質(zhì)量的工作原理。根據(jù)清選室實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸建立了三維模型,利用CFDesign軟件對(duì)無(wú)物料狀態(tài)下圓柱形風(fēng)機(jī)與不同錐度圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)作用下清選室氣流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬。利用布點(diǎn)法對(duì)不同類型風(fēng)機(jī)作用下清選室氣流場(chǎng)風(fēng)速進(jìn)行了測(cè)量,并通過(guò)物料分布對(duì)比試驗(yàn)和田間試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)的工作性能。結(jié)果表明:圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)作用下,清選室內(nèi)產(chǎn)生明顯的沿振動(dòng)篩篩寬方向指向排草口一側(cè)的橫向風(fēng),當(dāng)圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)錐度為3.5°時(shí),清選室氣流場(chǎng)風(fēng)速分布情況較為理想,在振動(dòng)篩入口一角(下落物料最多的部位)產(chǎn)生的橫向風(fēng)速達(dá)到2.68m/s;與圓柱形風(fēng)機(jī)相比,圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)作用下脫出物堆集中心點(diǎn)部位物料質(zhì)量減少27.66%,主下落區(qū)脫出物質(zhì)量占脫出物總質(zhì)量的比值降低10.53個(gè)百分點(diǎn),可使脫出混合物在篩分前得到預(yù)均布處理。圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)作用下,聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)損失率、含雜率和破碎率明顯優(yōu)于行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定值,且與圓柱形風(fēng)機(jī)相比,含雜率指標(biāo)得到顯著改善。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the unmatched problem between airflow field generated by traditional cylindrical fan of vibrating screening transverse axial flow combined harvester and the distribution of separated mixture on the screen surface, a conical centrifugal cleaning fan was designed and its working principle was described, which can improve the quality of cleaning by optimization of cross wind. According to the actual structure, a threedimensional model of the cleaning device was established and a numerical simulation of the flow field distribution of cleaning room under the action of cylindrical cleaning fan and conical cleaning fan with different taper blades was conducted by using the CFDesign software. The results showed that the transverse wind was obviously produced by the conical cleaning fan along with the direction of screen width. The speed of transverse wind was increased with the increase of taper value of the fan blade, but the speed of longitudinal wind along the length of the vibrating screen was decreased with the taper value of the fan blade. The area of low wind speed zone at middle position of the vibrating screen also became larger, which was detrimental to the cleaning of mixture. The best velocity distribution of the cleaning room was appeared when the taper value of the fan blade was 3.5°. The experiment of the flow field under different types of cleaning fans was conducted by using the distributingpoint method. The results showed that the speed of transverse wind at the corner of the entrance of the vibrating screen can reach 2.68m/s, and the speed of transverse wind at middle position of vibrating screen can reach 2.07m/s, which was obviously bigger than the value produced by the cylindrical cleaning fan and beneficial to the distribution of the separated mixture along with the screen width. At the end of the screen length, the speed of the longitudinal wind produced by the conical cleaning fan was 0.78m/s, which was smaller than the longitudinal speed and helped to reduce the loss of grain cleaning. The distribution experiment was also conducted for the action of cylindrical cleaning fan and the conical cleaning fan. The results showed that the weight of mixture in main falling area made up 59.21% of the weight of all mixture under the action of conical fan and the number of cylindrical fan was 69.74%. The offset location where the maximum weight mixture appeared under the action of conical fan was adjusted to 166mm along the width direction compared with cylindrical fan, and the weight dropped by about 27.66%. It was verified that the conical fan can apply the transverse wind to blow away the mixture gathered in the inlet of the vibrating screen, which was conducive to improve the cleaning quality. Field experiment was conducted and the results showed that the performance indexes of combine harvester furnished with conical fan, including loss rate, impurity rate and crushing rate were obviously better than those stipulated in occupation standards. It can reduce the impurity rate index of combine harvester obviously, contrasting the conical fan with cylindrical fan.

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周璇,王志明,陳霓,陳德俊.圓錐形風(fēng)機(jī)清選室氣流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(3):91-100. ZHOU Xuan, WANG Zhiming, CHEN Ni, CHEN Dejun. Numerical Simulation and Experiment of Airflow Field of Cleaning Room under Action of Conical Fan[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(3):91-100.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-09-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-03-10
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