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山核桃二次破殼取仁機設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金面上項目(51475002)


Design and Experiment of Secondary Shell Breaking Machine for Pecan
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    摘要:

    針對山核桃一次破殼不理想、損失率高等問題,在分析山核桃物料特性以及破殼時所需各項力學特征參數(shù)的基礎上,建立了二次破殼機構(gòu)數(shù)學模型,設計了山核桃二次破殼取仁機。樣機試驗結(jié)果表明:當山核桃含水率為14.55%~16.35%、直徑約22mm(沿縫合線方向)、離心旋轉(zhuǎn)裝置轉(zhuǎn)速410r/min、離心旋轉(zhuǎn)裝置邊緣與錐形圓筒碰〖JP3〗撞壁間距80mm、喂料速度200g/s時,有效破殼率大于等于87.85%,果仁損傷率小于等于16.14%,生產(chǎn)率超過500kg/h,〖JP〗滿足當前山核桃加工產(chǎn)業(yè)的實際要求。

    Abstract:

    The objective was to improve the quality and effect of shell breaking on pecan after the firsttime breaking. In order to make up for the shortage of the first shell breaking of pecan and ensure the more effective separation of shell and walnut kernel, a secondary shell breaking method based on centrifugal force impact was proposed for pecan with unsatisfactory shell breaking effect, and a secondary shell breaking machine based on centrifugal force was developed. According to the material characteristics of pecan and various mechanical characteristic parameters required for shell breaking, a mathematical model for the design of the secondary shell breaking mechanism was established, and key structural components such as feeding and shell breaking mechanisms were designed in detail, the key parameters were determined, the whole machine model was established, and the sample machine trial production was completed. The experiment of the sample machine showed that when the water content of pecan was 14.55%~16.35%, and the diameter was 18~22mm (along the seam line direction), the speed of the centrifugal rotating device was 410r/min, the distance between the edge of centrifugal rotating device and the collision wall of conical cylinder was 80mm, and the feeding speed was 200g/s,the effective rate of breakage was larger than 87.85%, the rate of damage to walnut kernel was less than 16.14% and the rate of production exceeded 500kg/h. The accuracy and stability of each sample machine were verified, which met the actual requirements of the current pecan processing industry.

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曹成茂,李正,羅坤,汪天宇,吳正敏,謝承健.山核桃二次破殼取仁機設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(3):128-135. CAO Chengmao, LI Zheng, LUO Kun, WANG Tianyu, WU Zhengmin, XIE Chengjian. Design and Experiment of Secondary Shell Breaking Machine for Pecan[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(3):128-135.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-03-10
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