0.05),即生物炭因子作用更明顯;施用生物炭?jī)赡陜?nèi),在各個(gè)土壤吸力條件下土壤含水率均增大,土壤持水性增強(qiáng),且同地形坡度呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系、同年限呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系;生物炭在兩年內(nèi)均增大土壤比水容量,使其供水能力加強(qiáng),最大增量1830207×10-3cm3/cm4;地形坡度對(duì)K(h)無明顯影響,但施加生物炭可使K(h)增大,土壤導(dǎo)水性增強(qiáng),2016、2017年K(h)最高分別增加239.61%、164.04%;施加生物炭可降低D(θ),抑制土壤水分的水平運(yùn)動(dòng),隨地形坡度增加抑制效果增強(qiáng)。生物炭施用當(dāng)年對(duì)各土壤水動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)的影響大于施用次年。研究結(jié)果可為東北黑土區(qū)坡耕地農(nóng)業(yè)水土保護(hù)和利用提供理論依據(jù)。"/>

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生物炭對(duì)不同坡度坡耕地土壤水動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51479033)、黑龍江省博士后基金項(xiàng)目(LBH-Z17017)和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)水資源高效利用重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放項(xiàng)目(2017009)


Effect of Biochar on Soil Hydrodynamic Parameters under Different Slopes
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    摘要:

    在3種地形坡度條件下,開展了施加生物炭后連續(xù)兩年的土壤水動(dòng)力學(xué)效應(yīng)試驗(yàn)研究,探究不同坡度坡耕地施加生物炭當(dāng)年和次年對(duì)土壤水分常數(shù)、土壤水分特征曲線、比水容量、非飽和導(dǎo)水率K(h)和非飽和擴(kuò)散率D(θ)的影響。結(jié)果表明:施用生物炭當(dāng)年和次年均使土壤田間持水率和飽和含水率增大,且隨坡度增加其增率變大,生物炭因子兩年內(nèi)對(duì)土壤水分常數(shù)的影響顯著(P<0.015),而坡度因子影響不顯著(P>0.05),即生物炭因子作用更明顯;施用生物炭?jī)赡陜?nèi),在各個(gè)土壤吸力條件下土壤含水率均增大,土壤持水性增強(qiáng),且同地形坡度呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系、同年限呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系;生物炭在兩年內(nèi)均增大土壤比水容量,使其供水能力加強(qiáng),最大增量1830207×10-3cm3/cm4;地形坡度對(duì)K(h)無明顯影響,但施加生物炭可使K(h)增大,土壤導(dǎo)水性增強(qiáng),2016、2017年K(h)最高分別增加239.61%、164.04%;施加生物炭可降低D(θ),抑制土壤水分的水平運(yùn)動(dòng),隨地形坡度增加抑制效果增強(qiáng)。生物炭施用當(dāng)年對(duì)各土壤水動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)的影響大于施用次年。研究結(jié)果可為東北黑土區(qū)坡耕地農(nóng)業(yè)水土保護(hù)和利用提供理論依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effect of applying biochar on the posteffects of soil hydrodynamic parameters on different slopes, the experimental study on soil hydrodynamic effects was carried out for two consecutive years after the application of biochar under three kinds of terrain slope conditions. The effects of biochar applied to different slopes on soil water constant, soil water characteristic curve, specific water capacity, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K(h) and unsaturated diffusion rate D(θ) were investigated. The results showed that the application of biochar could increase the soil water holding capacity and saturated water content in the same year and the next year, and the growth rate was increased with the increase of slope. Biochar factors had significant effects on soil water constants within two years (P<0.015), while slope factors had no significant effect (P>0.05), which meant that biochar factors were more pronounced. Within two years, the soil moisture content was increased under various soil suction conditions, soil water holding capacity was increased, and it was positively correlated with slope of terrain and negatively correlated with age. Biochar increased the soil specific water capacity within two years, and the water supply capacity was strengthened, the maximum water capacity increase was 1830207×10-3cm3/cm4. The slope of terrain had no obvious effect on K(h), but the application of biochar could increase K(h) and the soil water conductivity was enhanced. In 2016 and 2017, K(h) was increased by a maximum of 239.61% and 164.04%, respectively. The application of biochar could reduce D(θ) and inhibit the horizontal movement of soil moisture. As the increase of slope of terrain, the suppression effect was enhanced. The effect of biochar application on the soil hydrodynamic parameters in the first year was greater than that in the next year. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of agricultural soil and water in sloping farmland in the black soil region of Northeast China.

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魏永霞,王鶴,吳昱,劉慧.生物炭對(duì)不同坡度坡耕地土壤水動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(3):231-240. WEI Yongxia, WANG He, WU Yu, LIU Hui. Effect of Biochar on Soil Hydrodynamic Parameters under Different Slopes[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(3):231-240.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-03-10
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