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直立錐滾筒式小區(qū)花生脫殼機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0702102)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51575367、50775151)


Design and Test on Plot Peanut Sheller with Vertical Tapered Drum
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    摘要:

    對(duì)于育種和栽培等科研用小區(qū)花生脫殼而言,不但要求脫殼機(jī)適應(yīng)小量脫殼,而且要求脫殼過程中損傷小、清種快捷方便。目前小區(qū)試驗(yàn)的花生脫殼主要靠人工作業(yè),脫殼效率低下,容易出現(xiàn)清種不便和不凈,造成每個(gè)小區(qū)處理之間的“混雜”等現(xiàn)象。為此在對(duì)現(xiàn)有臥式花生脫殼機(jī)特點(diǎn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了直立式錐滾筒花生脫殼方案,進(jìn)行了脫殼機(jī)總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì);在花生莢果脫殼受力分析基礎(chǔ)上,確定了錐滾筒脫殼結(jié)構(gòu)及其參數(shù)范圍;最后以四粒紅花生為研究對(duì)象,以錐滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速、錐滾筒半錐角、最小脫殼間隙為因素進(jìn)行性能影響試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明在錐滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速為340r/min、錐滾筒半錐角為40°、最小脫殼間隙為10mm時(shí)脫殼綜合指標(biāo)最優(yōu),脫凈率為97.84%,損傷率為2.97%,較好地滿足了小區(qū)花生脫殼要求。

    Abstract:

    In terms of the shelling in peanut research for breeding and cultivation, the shelling machine is not only been required to be suitable to a small quantity of feeding, but also been required to decrease damage on peanuts and more efficiency and convenience of cleaning the sheller. At present, the shelling of peanuts used for domestic research plot mainly relies on manpower, which always caused “mixed” phenomena as treatments separated plot. In view of above issues, the scheme of peanut sheller with vertical tapered drum was proposed according to the latest study on the characteristics of the existed horizontal peanut hulling mechanisms. And the related design of integrated structure of this kind of sheller was brought out based on the vertical arrangement, including the hulling device, air suction cleaning device and transmission device. As the key components of the sheller, the tapered drum and the screen made up the hulling mechanism that had a great influence on hulling effect. The key components’ parameters were confirmed and the range of the parameter was determined by deeply theoretical analysis. According to the analysis, the responsible parameter interval of hulling device was selected. Taking “Silihong”, a variety of peanut as test material, the roller speed, semitaper angle of tapered drum and minimum hulling gap as the factors,the peanut removal rate and breakage rate were selected as experimental indexes. The response surface analysis method was used to test the machine performance. The results showed that when the rotating speed of the shelling drum was 340r/min, the semitaper angle of the drum was 40°, and the minimum hulling gap was 10mm, the comprehensive index of shelling was the best, the removal rate was 97.84%, and the breakage rate was 2.97%, which better matched the requirements of plot peanut shelling.

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陸榮,楊德旭,高連興,劉志俠,劉明國,沈永哲.直立錐滾筒式小區(qū)花生脫殼機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(5):114-123. LU Rong, YANG Dexu, GAO Lianxing, LIU Zhixia, LIU Mingguo, SHEN Yongzhe. Design and Test on Plot Peanut Sheller with Vertical Tapered Drum[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(5):114-123.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-05-10
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