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基于激振理論的玉米多棱摘穗輥設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(ZR201702180137)和山東省農(nóng)機(jī)裝備創(chuàng)新研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YF004、2016YF030)


Design and Experiment on Vertical Polygonal Roller Snapping Ears of Corn Harvester Based on Excitation Theory
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)當(dāng)前縱臥輥式玉米收獲機(jī)作業(yè)存在籽??袀麌?yán)重和落粒損失大的問題,以激振理論為指導(dǎo),以玉米果穗與莖稈分離為條件,建立了適于玉米機(jī)械化收獲的玉米激振摘穗理論模型;以該激振摘穗模型為指導(dǎo),構(gòu)建并優(yōu)化了適于玉米激振運(yùn)動(dòng)的摘穗輥外形結(jié)構(gòu)和配置方式,開發(fā)了相應(yīng)的激振摘穗試驗(yàn)臺(tái);采用Box-Behnken試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法,研究了激振摘穗輥棱邊數(shù)、振幅、摘穗輥轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)果穗摘穗過程籽粒破損率和落粒損失率的影響規(guī)律,建立了試驗(yàn)因素與考察指標(biāo)之間的回歸方程,并生成了相應(yīng)的響應(yīng)曲面。結(jié)果表明,激振摘穗裝置中棱邊數(shù)、振幅和摘穗輥轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)收獲過程果穗籽粒破損率和落粒損失率有顯著的影響。以非線性規(guī)劃理論為指導(dǎo),確定了最佳組合為摘穗輥轉(zhuǎn)速950r/min、棱邊數(shù)8、振幅0.75cm,在該條件下進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,得出平均籽粒破損率為0.124%,平均落粒損失率為0.228%,均低于國家玉米收獲機(jī)械技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

    Abstract:

    Corn has become the first major crop in place of rice and wheat in recent years, thereby significantly influencing the lives of people given the increase in production of corn. Corn snapping roller is the main component of a corn harvesting machine and exerts a crucial effect on the quality of corn harvest. Aiming at the problems of serious grains gnawing and large loss of falling grains in the operation of vertical and horizontal roll corn harvester, a theoretical model of maize excitation heading suitable for mechanized harvesting was established under the condition of separation of ear and stalk of maize under the guidance of excitation theory. Under the guidance of the model, the shape structure and configuration of the picking roll suitable for the corn excitation movement were constructed and optimized, and the corresponding excitation heading testbed was developed. Box-Behnken experimental design method was used to study the effects of key parameters such as edge number, amplitude and rotation speed of excitation picking roll on grain loss rate and gnawing rate during ear picking. The regression equation between experimental factors and inspection indexes was established, and the corresponding response surface was generated. The results showed that the number of edges, the amplitude and the rotation speed of the picking roll had significant effects on the grain loss rate and the gnawing rate during harvesting. Finally, under the guidance of the theory of nonlinear programming, the best combination of the above three experimental factors was obtained, namely, the rotation speed of the picking roll of 950r/min, the number of edges of 8, and the amplitude of 0.75cm. Under these conditions, the average loss rate of corn grains during heading process was 0.228%, and the average breakage rate of corn grains was 0.124%, which was lower than the national technical standard of corn harvesting machinery. The research result provided theoretical support for the popularization and application of this technology.

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耿端陽,王騫,鹿秀鳳,于興瑞,劉洋成,金誠謙.基于激振理論的玉米多棱摘穗輥設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(5):124-132. GENG Duanyang, WANG Qian, LU Xiufeng, YU Xingrui, LIU Yangcheng, JIN Chengqian. Design and Experiment on Vertical Polygonal Roller Snapping Ears of Corn Harvester Based on Excitation Theory[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(5):124-132.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-05-10
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