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射流離心泵動(dòng)靜葉柵匹配的水力與聲學(xué)性能優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51579125)和國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFB0200901)


Optimization Design of Hydraulic and Acoustic Performance on Matching of Rotor and Stator of Jet Centrifugal Pump
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    摘要:

    為提高射流離心泵葉輪和導(dǎo)葉水力設(shè)計(jì)水平,優(yōu)化動(dòng)靜干涉對泵的水力性能及其聲學(xué)響應(yīng)特性影響,采用正交試驗(yàn)方法結(jié)合CFD/CFA(計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)/計(jì)算流體聲學(xué))技術(shù)對葉輪與正導(dǎo)葉的動(dòng)靜葉柵匹配進(jìn)行多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)統(tǒng)籌考慮葉輪和正導(dǎo)葉相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),分析葉輪葉片數(shù)、葉輪葉片型線、導(dǎo)葉葉片數(shù)、導(dǎo)葉葉片型線及動(dòng)靜葉柵間隙對射流離心泵揚(yáng)程、水力效率和動(dòng)靜葉柵內(nèi)部流體動(dòng)力噪聲的影響規(guī)律,采用矩陣分析法確定多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化方案,獲得綜合性能最優(yōu)的動(dòng)靜葉柵匹配組合。結(jié)果表明:優(yōu)化后,額定工況下泵的揚(yáng)程不變,水力效率提高0.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn),動(dòng)靜葉柵內(nèi)的整體噪聲明顯降低,其中葉輪誘導(dǎo)噪聲降低7.1%,導(dǎo)葉誘導(dǎo)噪聲提高2.2%,驗(yàn)證了權(quán)矩陣分析法確定多指標(biāo)優(yōu)化方案的可行性;低噪聲射流離心泵設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵是合理確定動(dòng)靜葉柵間隙及動(dòng)〖JP2〗靜葉柵的葉片數(shù);動(dòng)靜葉柵的不同匹配方案對射流離心泵揚(yáng)程的影響比對其水力效率的影響更加敏感,對導(dǎo)葉誘導(dǎo)噪聲的影響比對葉輪誘導(dǎo)噪聲的影響更加敏感;壓力脈動(dòng)引起具有偶極子特性的流體動(dòng)力噪聲,導(dǎo)葉誘導(dǎo)噪聲的頻譜特性與壓力脈動(dòng)的頻譜特性基本一致,但葉輪誘導(dǎo)噪聲的頻譜特性與壓力脈動(dòng)的頻譜特性有較明顯的區(qū)別。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the hydraulic design of flowingpassed components of the jet centrifugal pump (JCP), the performance of rotorstator interaction on the hydraulic performance and its acoustic response characteristics of the pump were optimized. The multiobjective optimization design of rotor and stator matching was carried out by orthogonal experiment and computational fluid dynamics/computational fluid acoustic (CFD/CFA) technology. Some relevant geometric parameters of impeller and positive guide vane of JCP were considered in the test design. The effects of water head, efficiency of JCP and hydrodynamic noise in the rotors and stators were analyzed according to the impeller blade number, impeller blade profile, guide vane blade number, guide vane blade profile and clearance of rotor and stator. Multiobjective optimization scheme was determined by matrix analysis method, the optimal matching combinations of rotor and stator cascades were obtained. The results showed that under the rated conditions, after optimization, the water head remains unchanged, hydraulic efficiency was increased by 0.5 perantage points, and the overall noise in the rotor and stator cascades was decreased significantly, the impellerinduced noise was decreased by 7.1% and the guide vaneinduced noise was increased by 2.2%. It was verified that determining multiindex optimization scheme by weight matrix analysis method was feasible. The key of the design of low noise JCP was to determine the clearance between stator and rotor as well as the blades number of stator and rotor. Different matching schemes of rotor and stator cascades were more sensitive to the water head of JCP than to its efficiency, and more sensitive to the guide vane induced noise than to impeller induced noise,at the same time, the unsteady flow in guide vane influenced by rotorstator interaction was more obvious than that of the impeller. Dipole source noise was caused by pressure pulsation on the flowingpassed wall. The frequency spectrum characteristics of guide vane induced noise are basically the same as that of pressure fluctuation, but the frequency spectrum characteristics of impeller induced noise are obviously different from that of pressure fluctuation.

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郭榮,李仁年,張人會(huì).射流離心泵動(dòng)靜葉柵匹配的水力與聲學(xué)性能優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(5):148-158. GUO Rong, LI Rennian, ZHANG Renhui. Optimization Design of Hydraulic and Acoustic Performance on Matching of Rotor and Stator of Jet Centrifugal Pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(5):148-158.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-10-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-05-10
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