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基于隨機森林回歸算法的蘋果樹冠層光照分布模型
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國家自然科學基金項目(61303124)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費專項資金項目(Z109021708)


Illumination Distribution Model of Apple Tree Canopy Based on Random Forest Regression Algorithm
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    摘要:

    合理的果樹冠層結(jié)構(gòu)有利于光照的有效分布,對提升果實產(chǎn)量與品質(zhì)有重要意義。為揭示果樹冠層內(nèi)部的光照分布情況,針對目前果樹冠層內(nèi)部光照強度獲取難度大、預測精度低的問題,研究了冠層顏色特征與光照強度的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,提出一種基于冠層剖面陰影特征和冠層點云顏色特征的隨機森林預測模型。以紡錘形“陜富6號”蘋果樹為研究對象,首先使用Kinect 2.0采集果樹的雙面點云數(shù)據(jù),預處理后得到完整的點云數(shù)據(jù);其次,基于改進的空間殖民算法和葉序添加規(guī)則重構(gòu)果樹的三維模型;最后,使用“切片法”,在垂直方向上將冠層模型每0.1m分層劃分,使用POV-Ray渲染器逐層渲染陰影,同時使用光照度計,自頂向下每0.1m實測光照強度數(shù)據(jù),構(gòu)建以每層陰影圖灰度特征和每層點云HSI顏色特征為輸入,以相對光照強度為輸出的隨機森林網(wǎng)絡(luò)。試驗結(jié)果表明,該方法能夠較為準確地預測冠層內(nèi)的光照分布情況,預測值與實際值的決定系數(shù)R2為0.864,平均絕對百分比誤差MAPE為0.236,RF回歸模型可作為蘋果樹冠層內(nèi)光照分布預測的有效方法,為果樹的剪枝、整形等研究提供參考。

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    The reasonable structure of fruit tree canopy is beneficial to the effective distribution of illumination, which has vital significance to enhance the fruit yield and quality. At present, it is difficult to obtain illumination intensity data in the canopy of fruit trees, and the prediction accuracy is low. In order to study inner canopy illumination distribution, a random forest prediction model was proposed based on canopy profile shadow feature and point cloud color feature. The detailed research methods were shown as follows. Firstly, the spindle “Shanfu 6” apple tree was chosen as the research object and Kinect 2.0 was used to acquire double face point cloud data of tree, and then the complete data was obtained with preprocess. Secondly, the improved space colonization algorithm with growth angle constraint and phyllotaxis adding rules were used to rebuild apple tree 3D model. Finally, the “slice method” was used to cut canopy model every 0.1m in the vertical direction, and then the POV-Ray renderer was used to render shadows layer after layer, meanwhile, light meter was used to obtain illumination intensity data every 0.1m from top to bottom consistently, and the random forest network that with input data of color feature of every layer and output data of relative illumination intensity was built as the apple tree canopy illumination distribution prediction model. The experiment results showed that the proposed method can predict the illumination distribution accurately. The determination coefficient R2 between true value and predicted value was 0.864, and MAPE was 0.236. Random forest regression model can be used as an efficient method for prediction of canopy illumination distribution, and it can provide reference for fruit tree pruning and plastic research.

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師翊,耿楠,胡少軍,張志毅,張晶.基于隨機森林回歸算法的蘋果樹冠層光照分布模型[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(5):214-222. SHI Yi, GENG Nan, HU Shaojun, ZHANG Zhiyi, ZHANG Jing. Illumination Distribution Model of Apple Tree Canopy Based on Random Forest Regression Algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(5):214-222.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-02-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-05-10
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