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油菜聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)切拋組合式縱軸流脫離裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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農(nóng)業(yè)科研杰出人才及其創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目、湖北省技術(shù)創(chuàng)新專項(xiàng)重大項(xiàng)目(2016ABA094)和湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新行動項(xiàng)目


Design and Experiment on Combined Cutting and Throwing Longitudinal Axial Flow Threshing and Separating Device of Rape Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)油菜聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)鏈耙式輸送器輸送距離長、且易引起油菜高粗莖稈堵塞的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種切拋組合式縱軸流脫離裝置,實(shí)現(xiàn)油菜的強(qiáng)制喂入、切斷拋送、脫粒分離功能于一體,整機(jī)關(guān)鍵部件全部采用液壓驅(qū)動,可保證其無級調(diào)速和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)。通過對莖稈的運(yùn)動學(xué)與動力學(xué)分析,確定了喂入輥、切碎滾筒和脫粒滾筒的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與工作參數(shù),以夾帶損失率和功耗等為評價(jià)指標(biāo),開展了切碎滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速、脫粒滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速和脫粒間隙的正交試驗(yàn)。正交試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:較優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為切碎滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速450r/min、脫粒滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速450r/min、脫粒間隙30mm,此時(shí)夾帶損失率為0.415%,脫出物短莖稈質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為10.43%,切碎滾筒和脫粒滾筒總功耗為4.16kW,排草口莖稈平均長度134.8mm,對應(yīng)的旋風(fēng)分離清選系統(tǒng)籽??倱p失率為6.13%、清潔率為91.97%。田間試驗(yàn)表明,切拋組合式縱軸流脫離裝置能實(shí)現(xiàn)物料由割臺至脫離裝置的均勻連續(xù)輸送和脫粒分離功能,可滿足油菜聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)的作業(yè)要求。

    Abstract:

    A combined cutting and throwing longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device was designed to solve the problems like long transport distance and high probability of blockage in threshing device due to the low adaptability of the chain conveyor to rape with high and thick stems in traditional rape combine harvester. The functions of forced feeding, cutting, throwing, threshing and separating were combined, and the key parts of the rape combine harvester were all hydraulically driven to ensure their stepless speed regulation and smooth operation. The structural and working parameters of feeding roller, cutting cylinder and threshing cylinder were determined based on kinematics and dynamics analysis of stem. The orthogonal experiment of cutting cylinder speed, threshing cylinder speed and threshing clearance were carried out while the entrainment loss ratio and power consumption were used as indexes. The results of orthogonal experiment showed that the optimal parameters were 450r/min for the cutting cylinder speed, 450r/min for the threshing cylinder speed and 30mm for the threshing clearance. Under this combination of parameters, the total loss ratio was 0.415%, the mass percentages of short stems in the threshing outlets was 10.43%,the total power consumption for cutting cylinder and threshing cylinder was 4.16kW and the average length of the stems discharged from the outlet of stems was 134.8mm. In addition, the loss ratio and cleaning ratio of cyclone separation cleaning system were 6.13% and 91.97%, respectively. The field experiment showed that the combined cutting and throwing longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device could realize the uniform continuous conveying, threshing and separating of materials from the header to the threshing device and it could meet the operation demand of the rape combine harvester.

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廖慶喜,徐陽,袁佳誠,萬星宇,蔣亞軍.油菜聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)切拋組合式縱軸流脫離裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(7):140-150. LIAO Qingxi, XU Yang, YUAN Jiacheng, WAN Xingyu, JIANG Yajun. Design and Experiment on Combined Cutting and Throwing Longitudinal Axial Flow Threshing and Separating Device of Rape Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(7):140-150.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-07-10
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