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懸掛式旋耕機(jī)耕深監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0700300)、河南省科技攻關(guān)項目(182102110097)和河南省科技創(chuàng)新杰出人才項目(184200510017)


Design and Test of Tillage Depth Monitoring System for Suspended Rotary Tiller
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    摘要:

    針對旋耕機(jī)作業(yè)耕深測量效率低和缺乏有效在線監(jiān)測手段的問題,以懸掛式旋耕機(jī)耕深為檢測對象,研究了一種基于旋耕機(jī)懸掛姿態(tài)的非線性耕深監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),以提高旋耕作業(yè)質(zhì)量自動化監(jiān)測水平。首先,對旋耕機(jī)的懸掛姿態(tài)進(jìn)行分析,確定了旋耕機(jī)耕深與懸掛姿態(tài)之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系式,綜合考慮懸掛式旋耕機(jī)組的結(jié)構(gòu)形變和車輪下陷等因素對測量結(jié)果的影響,建立了三參數(shù)非線性耕深測量模型,該模型通過擬合旋耕機(jī)懸掛姿態(tài)角和耕深的關(guān)系,可實時計算實際耕作狀態(tài)下的耕深;其次,為驗證該模型的測量精度,設(shè)計了適用于車載終端的懸掛式旋耕機(jī)耕深監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)集成衛(wèi)星定位、實時耕深測量、作業(yè)速度測量、作業(yè)面積計算、穩(wěn)定性評估等模塊,支持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)云端存儲與共享;最后,對模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行標(biāo)定試驗,采用最小二乘法對模型進(jìn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化,利用標(biāo)定后的耕深監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)開展多組田間試驗。與人工測量結(jié)果對比顯示,耕深最大誤差不超過0.80cm,均方根誤差不超過0.55cm,表明該懸掛式旋耕機(jī)耕深監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)精度高、穩(wěn)定性好。通過耕深質(zhì)量評估試驗生成多組帶有位置信息的評估報表,表明該監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)π钯|(zhì)量進(jìn)行全面評估。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of low efficiency of depth measurement and lack of effective online monitoring method in rotary tiller operation, a nonlinear monitoring method of rotary tillage depth based on suspended rotary tillage attitude was developed to improve the automation level of rotary tillage quality monitoring. Firstly, the suspension attitude of rotary tiller was analyzed, and the mathematical relationship between the depth and attitude of rotary tiller was established based on the geometric relationship. After comprehensively considering the influence of the structural deformation and wheel subsidence of the suspended rotary tiller group on the measurement results, a threecalibration parameter tillage depth detection model was established. The model can be used to calculate the tillage depth in real time by fitting the relationship between the attitude angle of rotary tiller and the tillage depth. Secondly, in order to verify the measurement accuracy of the model, a rotary tillage depth monitoring system suitable for vehicle terminal was designed. The system integrated satellite positioning, realtime depth measurement, operation speed measurement, operation area calculation and stability evaluation module, and realized the display of the vehicle terminal and cloud storage. Finally, the model parameters were calibrated in the field and optimized based on Matlab. The results of the calibration test showed that the tillage depth value was decreased gradually with the increase of the horizontal inclination angle of the lower link, and the two were negatively correlated, and the tillage depth value was increased gradually with the increase of the horizontal inclination angle of the frame, and the two were positively correlated. A number of field tests were conducted on the calibrated rotary tillage depth monitoring system, and the results showed that the maximum error was 0.80cm, and the rootmeansquare error was 0.55cm. When the tillage depth was about 11cm, the measured value was closer to the real value, which happened to be within the reasonable operating depth range of rotary tillage, indicating that the rotary tillage depth monitoring system had high accuracy and good stability.

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杜新武,楊緒龍,龐靖,姬江濤,金鑫,陳雷.懸掛式旋耕機(jī)耕深監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2019,50(8):43-51. DU Xinwu, YANG Xulong, PANG Jing, JI Jiangtao, JIN Xin, CHEN Lei. Design and Test of Tillage Depth Monitoring System for Suspended Rotary Tiller[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(8):43-51.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-08-10
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