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基于微分幾何與EDEM的船型開畦溝裝置觸土曲面優(yōu)化
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0700702、2016YFD020060602)、國家油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系專項(CARS-12)、湖北省丘陵山區(qū)主要農(nóng)作物機械化生產(chǎn)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)裝備研發(fā)與集成示范項目和武漢輕工大學(xué)青年教師科研啟動基金項目(2019RZ10)


Surface Optimization of Ship Type Ditching System Based on Differential Geometry and EDEM Simulation
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    摘要:

    針對長江中下游地區(qū)油菜種植時土壤黏重板結(jié)、含水率波動大、播種作業(yè)需開畦溝避免漬害的農(nóng)藝要求,考慮開溝犁體的觸土曲面復(fù)雜、難以通過高速數(shù)字化土槽及田間試驗方法尋求其減阻設(shè)計方法和理論依據(jù)的問題,采用微分幾何理論并結(jié)合EDEM仿真方法,開展了驅(qū)動圓盤犁對置組合式耕整機開畦溝裝置主要觸土曲面結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化研究。通過對主要觸土曲面(開畦溝前犁犁體曲面、船式開溝犁整形曲面)牽引阻力分析和曲面參數(shù)分析,確定了觸土曲面主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)范圍。根據(jù)微分幾何理論,分別建立了能量化描述不同導(dǎo)曲線類型(直線、拋物線、指數(shù)曲線)〖JP2〗犁體曲面形狀變化差異的微分內(nèi)蘊幾何量E、L、M表達式。阻力特性仿真試驗結(jié)果表明:在作業(yè)速度為0.9~1.5m/s、曲面結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)一定時,導(dǎo)曲線為拋物線型的開畦溝前犁和船式開溝犁具有較好的減阻特性,其平均牽引阻力相比直線型犁體分別低15.09%、16.92%,相比指數(shù)線型犁體分別低32.59%、31.58%。觸土曲面的內(nèi)蘊幾何量E、L、M可分別反映犁體阻力隨速度的增長速率、犁體牽引阻力大小、犁體阻力隨速度的波動程度。當(dāng)設(shè)計犁體的導(dǎo)曲線形狀使曲面內(nèi)蘊幾何量E的變化率較小、L為單調(diào)減函數(shù)、M的波動較小時,犁體具有較好的減阻性能。參數(shù)優(yōu)化仿真試驗表明:在作業(yè)速度為1.2m/s、拋物線型開畦溝前犁寬度為92mm、船式開溝犁整形曲面最大元線角為66°時,開畦溝裝置牽引阻力最小,為104252N。田間試驗表明:經(jīng)參數(shù)優(yōu)化的組合式船型開畦溝裝置在作業(yè)速度為09、12、15m/s時測試的平均牽引阻力分別為956.77、1101.33、1564.85N,與仿真試驗結(jié)果誤差在7%以內(nèi),作業(yè)效果滿足油菜播種開畦溝的農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    Considering the soil in Midlower Yangtze River is sticky and its moisture content fluctuates greatly, the furrow should be ditched while rapeseed planting. Due to the lack of theoretical basis for the design of resistance reduction of plow surface, the research on soil contract surface optimization of ship type ditching system was carried out by using the method of differential geometry analysis and EDEM simulation. According to the traction resistance analysis and surface parameter analysis of the main contact surface (front plow surface, shaping surface), the main structural parameters range of the contact surface was determined. Based on the theory of differential geometry, the differential geometric expression which can quantitatively describe the spatial shape change of plow surface with straight, parabolic and exponential curves was established. The simulation results of traction resistance characteristics indicated that the parabolic type plows had better resistance reduction characteristics when the operating velocity was 0.9~1.5m/s. And its resistance were reduced by 15.09%, 16.92% and 32.59%, 31.58% respectively compared with the linear type plows and exponential type plows. The intrinsic geometric parameters E, L and M can respectively reflect the growth rate of traction resistance with speed, the magnitude of traction resistance, and the fluctuation degree of traction resistance with speed. The parameter optimization results indicated that when the operating velocity was 1.2m/s, the width of ditching plow w was 92mm and maximum element angle Φmax was 66°, the minimum traction resistance was 104252N. Field experiment indicated that the average traction resistance of the combined shiptype ditching system optimized by parameters were 956.77N, 1101.33N and 1 564.85N, and the error between the system and the simulation test results was less than 7%, and the operation effect met the agronomic requirements of rapeseed planting. The research conclusion had great theoretical value and practical significance to the resistance reduction design of plow which formed by horizontal straight line principle.

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劉曉鵬,張青松,劉立超,魏國粱,肖文立,廖慶喜.基于微分幾何與EDEM的船型開畦溝裝置觸土曲面優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2019,50(8):59-69. LIU Xiaopeng, ZHANG Qingsong, LIU Lichao, WEI Guoliang, XIAO Wenli, LIAO Qingxi. Surface Optimization of Ship Type Ditching System Based on Differential Geometry and EDEM Simulation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(8):59-69.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-08-10
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