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基于振動(dòng)排序的馬鈴薯微型種薯播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省泰山產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)軍人才工程高效生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(LJNY201615)和教育部創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(IRT13039)


Design and Experiment of Vibration-arranging Based Seeder for Potato Micro-seed
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    為提升中國(guó)馬鈴薯微型種薯(簡(jiǎn)稱微型薯)機(jī)械化播種水平,根據(jù)微型薯物理特性及農(nóng)藝特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于振動(dòng)排序的馬鈴薯微型種薯播種機(jī),該機(jī)可一次完成開溝、播種、覆土、起壟等作業(yè)?;谑芷日駝?dòng)原理,通過(guò)對(duì)微型薯單列排序輸送投種、振動(dòng)回種等過(guò)程的分析,確定了播種裝置關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和工作參數(shù)。采用調(diào)節(jié)板高頻低幅往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),動(dòng)態(tài)微量調(diào)節(jié)落種口尺寸,避免薯種在種箱內(nèi)的結(jié)拱;利用離散元仿真模擬,明晰振動(dòng)板較合理的振動(dòng)頻率及相應(yīng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)連接軸轉(zhuǎn)速。開溝裝置、播種裝置、覆土起壟裝置前后依次布置,先后完成開溝、種薯覆土和起壟工序。田間試驗(yàn)表明,當(dāng)作業(yè)速度為5km/h時(shí),種薯播種重播指數(shù)為4.6%,漏播指數(shù)為5.6%,合格指數(shù)為89.8%,種植深度合格率為96.5%,各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均符合國(guó)家和行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at enhancing the mechanization level of potato microseed planting, a vibrationarranging based seeder for potato microseed was designed. The seeder consisted of seeding device, seed dropping adjustment mechanism, ditching device, and soil and ridging device, which can complete several working procedures in a single pass, such as ditching, seeding, soil covering and ridging. Based on the principle of forced vibration, potato microseeds were arranged and seeded in single row, and some seeds failed to arrange in single row were reseeded by vibration plate. The key structural and working parameters of seeding device were confirmed according to the physical characteristics of potato microseed and agronomy requirements. An adjusting plate with reciprocating motion of high frequency and low amplitude was applied to microchange the size of seeddropping mouth in dynamic conditions. By this way, the stored seeds forming arch in seed box would be avoided. Furthermore, discrete element simulation was used to clarify the reasonable vibration frequency and revolving speed of adjusting plate and driving shaft, respectively. Ditching device, soil covering and ridging device were arranged from front to back, so as to sequentially complete ditching, soil covering and ridging. Key parameters of the ditching opener and doubledisc were determined by theoretical analysis. As indicated in the field experiment, at the working speed of 5km/h, the multipleseeding index, missseeding index, qualifiedseeding index and qualifiedseeding depth rate were 4.6%, 5.6%, 89.8% and 96.5%, respectively. Results showed that performance indexes of the seeder all met the relevant work quality evaluation specification requirements. The research can provide reference for the development of mechanical planting of potato microseed.

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劉文政,何進(jìn),李洪文,李學(xué)強(qiáng),魏忠彩,劉鵬.基于振動(dòng)排序的馬鈴薯微型種薯播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(8):70-80,116. LIU Wenzheng, HE Jin, LI Hongwen, LI Xueqiang, WEI Zhongcai, LIU Peng. Design and Experiment of Vibration-arranging Based Seeder for Potato Micro-seed[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(8):70-80,116.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-06-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-08-10
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