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黃河流域小麥生產(chǎn)水足跡量化與評(píng)價(jià)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51809215)、陜西省自然科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)研究計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018JQ4020)和教育部直屬高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)項(xiàng)目(2452017181)


Water Footprint Accounting and Evaluation for Wheat Production in Yellow River Basin
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    為準(zhǔn)確評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)域不同時(shí)空尺度作物生產(chǎn)耗水量及耗水效率的動(dòng)態(tài)變化及其分布規(guī)律,以黃河流域典型年為例,基于作物水分生產(chǎn)力模型AquaCrop,考慮不同供水和灌溉方式,在5′空間尺度對(duì)流域內(nèi)小麥生產(chǎn)水足跡進(jìn)行了量化與評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明:流域小麥水足跡總量和單位生產(chǎn)水足跡年均值分別為2.19×1010m3和1.22m3/kg,藍(lán)水足跡占65%,單位生產(chǎn)水足跡呈現(xiàn)上游向下游遞減的趨勢(shì)。傳統(tǒng)地面灌農(nóng)田小麥生產(chǎn)藍(lán)、綠水足跡量分別為流域總量的92%和50%。流域灌溉條件下小麥生產(chǎn)水足跡(1.40m3/kg)高于雨養(yǎng)條件(1.12m3/kg);灌溉方式對(duì)小麥生產(chǎn)水足跡影響顯著,其中微灌僅為1.67m3/kg,噴灌條件下高達(dá)2.07m3/kg。供水與灌溉方式對(duì)區(qū)域農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)水足跡的影響不可忽略,考慮不同供水與灌溉方式的作物生產(chǎn)水足跡量化與評(píng)價(jià)將成為農(nóng)業(yè)水資源高效利用的重要基礎(chǔ)。研究結(jié)果可為不同時(shí)空尺度農(nóng)作物水足跡核算和區(qū)域農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水策略制定提供參考。

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    In order to accurately evaluate the dynamic changes and distribution in water consumption quantity and efficiency of crop production at different spatial and temporal scales in a region, the AquaCrop model was applied at 5′ spatial resolution to estimate the blue and green water footprints (WFs) of wheat production in three typical hydrological typical years in Yellow River Basin (YRB). Irrigated and rainfed wheat were identified. Results showed that the annual average total WF and perunitproduct WF of wheat in YRB were 2.19×1010m3 and 1.22m3/kg, respectively. Blue WF accounted for 65% of the perunitproduct WF of wheat. The wheat WF was decreased from the upper reach to the lower reach in YRB. Traditional surface irrigation dominated the total blue WF and total green WF of wheat by occupying 92% and 50% of basin’s total amount, respectively. The WF under irrigated condition was 1.40m3/kg, which was higher than that under rainfed condition of 1.12m3/kg. The WF of wheat production in YRB was affected by irrigation methods. The basin average WF under micro irrigation was only 1.67m3/kg, while that of sprinkler irrigation was up to 2.07m3/kg. The result indicated that the effects of different water supply and irrigation methods on large-scale WF accounting can not be ignored. The quantification and evaluation of crop WF distinguishing different water supply and irrigation methods could be an important foundation for efficient utilization of agricultural water resources. The results can provide reference for WF accounting and regional agricultural water saving strategy formulated for different temporal and spatial scales.

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卓拉,王偉,馮變變,謝朋軒,高學(xué)睿,吳普特.黃河流域小麥生產(chǎn)水足跡量化與評(píng)價(jià)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(9):264-271. ZHUO La, WANG Wei, FENG Bianbian, XIE Pengxuan, GAO Xuerui, WU Pute. Water Footprint Accounting and Evaluation for Wheat Production in Yellow River Basin[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(9):264-271.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-09-10
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