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可調(diào)節(jié)式甘藍(lán)缽苗取苗末端執(zhí)行器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0201000)和國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014BAD06B04)


Design and Experiment of Adjustable End-effector of Cabbage Seedlings
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)現(xiàn)有取苗末端執(zhí)行器取苗針間距固定、適應(yīng)性差,難以實(shí)現(xiàn)按需調(diào)整以適應(yīng)移栽過程中不同規(guī)格穴盤缽苗取苗的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種插入針間距可調(diào)的針式取苗末端執(zhí)行器。該執(zhí)行器由直流電動(dòng)推桿驅(qū)動(dòng),取苗針沿根缽四角傾斜插入。通過調(diào)整調(diào)節(jié)滑塊和針座在支架上的位置,實(shí)現(xiàn)取苗針間距的調(diào)整。本文以72穴、128穴和200穴3種規(guī)格甘藍(lán)穴盤所育缽苗為研究對(duì)象,研究了3種規(guī)格穴盤缽苗苗齡對(duì)根缽形成與甘藍(lán)幼苗生長發(fā)育的影響,確定了取苗末端執(zhí)行器主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),并對(duì)取苗瞬間進(jìn)行了受力分析。在根缽均已形成的前提下,運(yùn)用EDEM對(duì)根缽提取進(jìn)行單因素仿真模擬,以穴盤規(guī)格、取苗加速度、取苗針插入邊距比和根缽含水率為試驗(yàn)因素,根缽?fù)暾屎腿∶缡÷蕿樵u(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),采用L9(34)正交試驗(yàn),考察試驗(yàn)因素對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的影響,通過極差分析、方差分析和綜合加權(quán)法,得到各因素對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)影響的主次順序?yàn)槿∶缂铀俣?、根缽含水率、穴盤規(guī)格、插入比;得到優(yōu)選參數(shù)組合:取苗加速度為0.1m/s2,根缽含水率為56.2%,穴盤規(guī)格為128穴,插入邊距比為15%,此時(shí)根缽?fù)暾蕿?7.93%,取苗失敗率為0.81%。

    Abstract:

    In the view of fixed spacing and poor adaptability of the existing seedling needle,and the difficulty of ensuring the on-demand adjustment to adapt to different plugs of seedlings in the transplanting process,a needle-type seeding end-effector with adjustable insertion pitch was designed. The actuator was driven by a DC electric push rod,and the seedling needle was inserted obliquely along the four corners of the root. The adjustment of spacing among the needles was achieved by changing the position of the slider and the needle holder on the bracket. The seedlings of cabbages plugs were studied,namely 72,128 and 200 points. The effects of seedling age on the formation of root mites and the growth of cabbage seedlings were studied. The main structural parameters of the end-effector were determined,and the force analysis was carried out on the taking seedling. Under the premise that the roots were formed,single factor simulation was conducted for the seedling picking by EDEM. The specifications of plugs,the acceleration of seedling picking,the insertion ratio of the needle and the moisture content of root were regarded as the test factors. The root integrity rate and the failure rate of the seedling picking were regarded as evaluation indexes. Using L9(34) orthogonal test to investigate the influence of test factors on evaluation indexes. Through the range analysis,variance analysis and comprehensive weighting method,the primary and secondary influence of factors on the indexes were obtained as the acceleration of seedling picking,the moisture content of root,the specifications of plug,and the insertion ratio. The preferred parameter combinations were obtained as the acceleration of seedling picking was 0.1m/s2,the moisture content of root was 56.2%,the specification of plugs was 128 and the insertion ratio was 15%. At this time,the root integrity rate was 97.93%. The failure rate of the seedling picking was 0.81%.

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韓豹,申大帥,郭暢,劉俏,王欣,宋春波.可調(diào)節(jié)式甘藍(lán)缽苗取苗末端執(zhí)行器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(11):111-120. HAN Bao, SHEN Dashuai, GUO Chang, LIU Qiao, WANG Xin, SONG Chunbo. Design and Experiment of Adjustable End-effector of Cabbage Seedlings[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(11):111-120.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-02-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-11-10
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