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紫云英綠肥盛花期埋切翻壓組合作業(yè)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家綠肥產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(CARS-22)和中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院所級(jí)基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)(S202012-02)


Design and Experiment of Incisal-burying and Ploughing Combined Machine for Astragalus smicus Green Manure in Full-bloom Stage
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)紫云英綠肥規(guī)模化種植區(qū)域的綠肥高效、低耗機(jī)械化翻壓,基于前端埋切、后端翻壓的結(jié)構(gòu)配置思路,設(shè)計(jì)了一種無動(dòng)力輸入的紫云英綠肥盛花期埋切翻壓組合作業(yè)機(jī)。對(duì)盛花期紫云英生物學(xué)特征及壓切特性開展研究,進(jìn)而設(shè)計(jì)了輥筒組件、前懸掛連接組件、柵條式翻轉(zhuǎn)犁等主要工作部件;通過理論計(jì)算和力學(xué)分析,得到實(shí)現(xiàn)紫云英莖稈順暢埋切的壓切輥半徑為305mm、壓切刀滑切角范圍為34.3°~55.7°;采用水平直元線法設(shè)計(jì)了柵條式犁體曲面,推導(dǎo)得到導(dǎo)曲線拋物線方程,并繪制了犁體直元線角變化規(guī)律圖。紫云英綠肥盛花期田間翻壓試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在機(jī)具作業(yè)速度為5.8~6.0km/h條件下,莖稈切斷長(zhǎng)度合格率92%,耕寬穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)3.7%,耕深穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)5.6%,土垡破碎率85.6%,植被翻壓覆蓋率98.3%,試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)均符合國(guó)家和行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。設(shè)計(jì)的埋切翻壓組合作業(yè)機(jī)工作效率可達(dá)0.67~1.20hm2/h,在翻壓質(zhì)量和組配方式上明顯優(yōu)于目前我國(guó)常用的畜力犁、鏵式犁、旋耕機(jī)等翻壓方式,具有很好的推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

    Abstract:

    In order to realize high-efficiency and low energy-consumption mechanized ploughing operation in the large-scale planting area of Astragalus smicus green manure, based on the structure placement idea of front-end buried-cutting and back-end overturning, an incisal-burying and ploughing combined machine with no power input for Astragalus smicus green manure in its flourishing period was designed. The biological characteristics and pressure-shear strength test of Astragalus smicus in full-bloom stage were studied, and then the key components such as roller components, front suspension connection components and grid-type plough were designed. Through theoretical calculation and mechanical analysis, the radius of press-cutting roller for smooth incisal-burying of Astragalus smicus stalks was 305mm, and the sliding cutting angle was ranged from 34.3° to 55.7°, the grid-type plough surface was designed by using the horizontal straight element method, the parabolic equation of the guide curve was derived and the influence regularity of plough element-line angle was drawn as well. The results of field overturning test of Astragalus smicus green manure in full-bloom stage showed that with the operation speed of 5.8~6.0km/h, the qualified rate of stem-cutting length was 92%, the stability variation coefficient of tillage width was 3.7%, the stability variation coefficient of tillage depth was 5.6%, the rate of soil fragmentation was 85.6%, and the rate of vegetation overturning coverage was 98.3%, the test indexes met the requirements of national and industrial standards. The designed incisal-burying and ploughing combined machine can work efficiently up to 0.67~1.20hm2/h, which was obviously superior to the conventional overturning modes such as animal plough, mouldboard plough and rotary tiller in terms of overturning quality and the combination pattern, and had good popularization and application value.

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游兆延,張沖,高學(xué)梅,高雅,彭寶良,吳惠昌.紫云英綠肥盛花期埋切翻壓組合作業(yè)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(3):78-86. YOU Zhaoyan, ZHANG Chong, GAO Xuemei, GAO Ya, PENG Baoliang, WU Huichang. Design and Experiment of Incisal-burying and Ploughing Combined Machine for Astragalus smicus Green Manure in Full-bloom Stage[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(3):78-86.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-03-10
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