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變行距水稻缽苗移栽機(jī)移栽裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51565018)和江西省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(20181BBF60033)


Design and Experiment of Transplanting Device with Variable Row-spacing of Rice Pottedseedling Transplanter
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)現(xiàn)有水稻缽苗移栽機(jī)移栽行距固定、不能適應(yīng)南方雙季稻區(qū)不同行距移栽農(nóng)藝要求的問題,在歩距式水稻插秧機(jī)基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了一種取苗軌跡簡(jiǎn)單、實(shí)用及性能可靠的變行距缽苗移栽裝置。根據(jù)缽苗最佳拔取角度與取、投苗位置要求,確定取苗運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡,設(shè)計(jì)取苗連桿機(jī)構(gòu),建立運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,并應(yīng)用Matlab對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)模型進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì);根據(jù)取苗連桿機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)與缽苗下落姿態(tài)的要求,設(shè)計(jì)苗夾開合與旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制凸輪,并進(jìn)行取苗連桿機(jī)構(gòu)與苗夾機(jī)構(gòu)之間運(yùn)動(dòng)同步性的運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真分析;為滿足缽苗經(jīng)過輸苗筒后下落至水田時(shí)刻的一致,以保證移栽時(shí)缽苗株距均勻性,對(duì)輸苗筒的關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了理論分析及設(shè)計(jì);進(jìn)行不同取苗速度、不同行距的移栽試驗(yàn),平均取苗成功率達(dá)到89.96%,平均倒苗率3.45%,表明該裝置具有較好的移栽效果,可應(yīng)用于水稻缽苗變行距移栽作業(yè)。

    Abstract:

    As the existing rice pot seedling transplanter with fixed rowspacing failed to meet the agronomic requirements of rice transplanting with different rowspaces in the double cropping rice area in south China,a kind of pot seedling transplanting device gearing to the need of variable rowspacing transplanting was accordingly designed based on the existing walking type rice transplanter. Firstly,the optimal pulling angle of pot seedlings and the location of picking and falling determined the trajectory of pot seedlings,and the kinematics model of connecting rod mechanism of picking seedlings was established, the design of the mechanism model was optimized with the help of Matlab. Secondly,according to the motion parameters of the connecting rod mechanism and the motion requirements of the clamping motion posed by the dropping posture of the pot seedling when it was being thrown,the CAM of the clamping motion control was designed,and the motion simulation was carried out to analyze the synchronism of the movement between the connecting rod mechanism and the clamping motion. Then,in order to maintain the consistency of the time when the pot seedlings fell into the paddy field after passing through the transmission tube to ensure the uniform plant spacing during transplanting,the wall inclination angle of the key parameters of the transmission tube was theoretically analyzed and designed. Finally,transplanting experiments were carried out with different seedling speeds and rowspacings,and the average successful rate of seedling extraction reached 89.96% and the average inverted seedling rate was 3.45%,indicating that the device had a good transplanting effect and could be applied to the transplanting of rice pot seedlings with variable row-spacing.

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蔡金平,劉木華,肖麗萍,林金龍,葉洋洋,楊紅飛.變行距水稻缽苗移栽機(jī)移栽裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(4):50-59. CAI Jinping, LIU Muhua, XIAO Liping, LIN Jinlong, YE Yangyang, YANG Hongfei. Design and Experiment of Transplanting Device with Variable Row-spacing of Rice Pottedseedling Transplanter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(4):50-59.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-04-10
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