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牽引式甜菜聯(lián)合收獲機自動對行系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與臺架試驗
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中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)科英才項目、中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程項目和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0701604)


Bench Test and Analysis on Performance of Autofollow Row for Traction Sugar Beet Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    為提升中國甜菜收獲機械的自動化水平和作業(yè)性能,依托前期研制的4LT-A型牽引式甜菜聯(lián)合收獲機和4LTSYT-A型甜菜自動對行收獲田間模擬試驗臺,對自動對行系統(tǒng)進行了總體結(jié)構(gòu)和關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計及參數(shù)確定。以漏挖率、破損率和反應(yīng)時間為自動對行性能指標(biāo),以復(fù)位彈簧預(yù)緊力、前進速度、偏離距離、液壓流量、供油壓力及株距為試驗因素進行了單因素臺架試驗,分析了各因素對各性能指標(biāo)的影響顯著性和影響規(guī)律。方差分析和直觀分析結(jié)果表明,彈簧預(yù)緊力、前進速度、偏離距離和液壓流量均對各性能指標(biāo)影響顯著,供油壓力和株距對各性能指標(biāo)影響不顯著。隨彈簧預(yù)緊力的增大(53~346N),反應(yīng)時間增加,漏挖率和破損率先減小后增大,當(dāng)預(yù)緊力為198N時,漏挖率和破損率最低,分別為2.34%、3.77%;隨前進速度的增加(0.4~2.0m/s),漏挖率和破損率逐漸增大,反應(yīng)時間逐漸減小并趨于穩(wěn)定;液壓流量在15~35L/min變化時,漏挖率逐漸減小,反應(yīng)時間和破損率先減小后增加,當(dāng)液壓流量q=25L/min時,破損率和反應(yīng)時間最小,分別為3.77%、0.47s;各性能指標(biāo)隨偏離距離的增加而逐漸增加,自動對行系統(tǒng)在偏離距離0~60mm范圍內(nèi)的適應(yīng)性較好。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to improve the automation level and operation performance of sugar beet harvesting machinery in China, reduce the loss of damage and leakage digging, and reduce the labor intensity of personnel, 4LT-A type traction sugar beet combine harvester and 4LTSYT-A autofollow row field simulation experiment platform were developed, and the kinematics analysis of autofollow row system was also carried out. During the tests, the 4LTSYT-A autofollow row field simulation experiment platform was placed under the beet root deviation distance detection mechanism and digging mechanism of the 4LT-A type beet combine harvester, and its power was provided by the variable frequency motor controlled by the control box. The 4LT-A type beet combine harvester was towed and powered by a John Deere 1054 tractor. Single factor bench tests were carried out by taking leakage digging rate, damage rate and response time as the autofollow row performance indexes, and taking reset spring preload force, forward speed, deviation distance, hydraulic flow and oil supply pressure and plant spacing as test factors. The significance and influence of each factor on each performance index were analyzed. The variance analysis and visual analysis of the single factor test results showed that the spring preload force, forward speed, deviation distance and hydraulic flow had significant effects on each performance index, the oil supply pressure and plant spacing had no significant effect on each performance index. With the increase of spring preloading force (range of 53~346N), the response time was increased, and the leakage digging rate and damage rate was firstly decreased and then increased. When the preloading force was 198N, the leakage digging rate and damage rate were the lowest, which were respectively 2.34% and 3.77%. With the increase of forward speed, the leakage digging rate and damage rate were increased gradually, and the response time was decreased gradually and tended to be constant. When the hydraulic flow was changed from 15L/min to 35L/min, the leakage digging rate was gradually decreased, and the response time and damage rate were first decreased and then increased. When the hydraulic flow q=25L/min, the damage rate and response time were the smallest, which were 3.77% and 0.47s, respectively. Each performance index was increased gradually with the increase of deviation distance, and the autofollow row system had a good adaptability to the deviation distance of 0~6cm. This research can provide reference for the later parameter optimization and the research of automatic row harvesting system of beet and other undersoil fruit harvesters.

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王申瑩,胡志超,CHEN Charles,高學(xué)梅,顧峰瑋,吳惠昌.牽引式甜菜聯(lián)合收獲機自動對行系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與臺架試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2020,51(4):103-112. WANG Shenying, HU Zhichao, CHEN Charles, GAO Xuemei, GU Fengwei, WU Huichang. Bench Test and Analysis on Performance of Autofollow Row for Traction Sugar Beet Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(4):103-112.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-11-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-04-10
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