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DRP溫室透光覆蓋材料性能表征研究
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014BAD08B020107)和校企合作科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(GZXCZH201811002)


Performance Characterization of DRP Greenhouse Transparent Covering Material
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    摘要:

    以聚酯(PET)有光切片和含有機(jī)助劑的母料為主要原料,經(jīng)過結(jié)晶干燥、熔融擠出鑄片、縱橫向拉伸等工藝,研發(fā)了具有高保溫、高透光、高強(qiáng)度、耐老化的可降解并循環(huán)再生聚酯(Degradable recyclable polyester,DRP)農(nóng)用薄膜,簡稱DRP薄膜。使用分光光度計(jì)、萬能試驗(yàn)機(jī)和熱重分析儀等儀器,采用對比分析法對該DRP薄膜的透射性、保溫性、抗拉性能、抗撕裂性能、熱穩(wěn)定性以及耐老化性能進(jìn)行了表征研究。結(jié)果顯示,DRP薄膜在光合有效輻射波段透過率為90.73%;在中波紫外、中紅外波段透過率分別為0.74%、14.56%,表明DRP薄膜有很強(qiáng)的阻隔中波紫外線能力以及優(yōu)異的夜間保溫能力。將覆蓋于溫室上自然老化約1 年的DRP薄膜與初始DRP薄膜的光學(xué)性能進(jìn)行對比,結(jié)果表明,自然老化的DRP薄膜在光合有效輻射波段透過率降低3個(gè)百分點(diǎn),5~25μm波段紅外阻隔能力降低4.34個(gè)百分點(diǎn),說明自然老化的DRP薄膜仍然具有較好的透光率和很強(qiáng)的紅外阻隔能力。DRP薄膜縱向拉伸強(qiáng)度可達(dá)103.21MPa,可以滿足正常使用要求。DRP薄膜縱向褲形撕裂強(qiáng)度為244.17kN/m,是PET膜的19.49倍。在升溫到600℃的過程中,DRP薄膜發(fā)生了3次較為明顯的失重現(xiàn)象,首次失重溫度為250℃±5℃,可見其熱穩(wěn)定性較好。研究表明,DRP溫室透光覆蓋材料在透光、保溫、力學(xué)性能和耐老化方面都具有突出的優(yōu)勢。

    Abstract:

    PET slices and masterbatch with organic synthetic additives were the main raw materials. Through crystallization drying, melt extrusion casting and longitudinal and transverse stretching, a degradable and recycled polyester agricultural film (DRP film) with high thermal insulation, high transparency, high strength and aging resistance was developed. The radiation transmittance, heat preservation ability, tensile properties, tear resistance, thermal stability and aging resistance of the DRP film were characterized by means of comparative analysis using spectrophotometer, universal testing machine and thermogravimetric analyzer. The results showed that the transmittance of DRP films in photosynthetic effective radiation wave range was 90.73%. The transmittance of ultraviolet radiation B and midinfrared was 0.74% and 14.56%, respectively, which showed that DRP film had a good ability to resist the ultraviolet radiation B and the heat preservation at night. In addition, by comparing the radiation transmittance properties of DRP films aged naturally for about one year over the greenhouse with that of initial DRP films, it was found that DRP films aged naturally declined only 3 percentage points in photosynthetic effective radiation wave range, and it still had good light transmittance. The radiation transmittance of DRP film was decreased only by 4.34 percentage points in 5000~25000 nm after aging, and it still had good heat preservation ability as the film of greenhouse at night. The longitudinal tensile strength of DRP film was 103.21MPa, which could meet the requirements of normal use. The longitudinal trouser tear strength of DRP film was 244.17kN/m, which was 19.49 times of that of PET film. DRP film had three obvious weightlessness phenomena during the temperature rise to 600℃ in thermogravimetric test. The first weightlessness temperature of DRP film was (250±5)℃, and it had better thermal stability. In conclusion, the DRP greenhouse transparent cover material had outstanding advantages in light transmission, heat preservation, mechanical properties and aging resistance.

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王宇欣,李丹春,黃斌,謝鑫,馮榮輝. DRP溫室透光覆蓋材料性能表征研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(4):320-327. WANG Yuxin, LI Danchun, HUANG Bin, XIE Xin, FENG Ronghui. Performance Characterization of DRP Greenhouse Transparent Covering Material[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(4):320-327.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-11-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-04-10
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