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浙中城市群土地利用格局時(shí)空演變特征與生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41301110)和國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(18VSJ041)


Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Land Use Landscape Patterns in Central Zhejiang Urban Agglomeration
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    摘要:

    為了探究東南沿海發(fā)育中期城市群“土地利用-生態(tài)”可持續(xù)機(jī)制,以浙中城市群為例,通過(guò)分析1996—2016年間的5期遙感影像數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用FRAGSTATS軟件測(cè)度浙中城市群景觀破碎化指數(shù)、景觀形狀指數(shù)和景觀多樣性指數(shù)在關(guān)鍵時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)的水平數(shù)值,研究判斷區(qū)域土地利用綜合景觀結(jié)構(gòu)演變特征;進(jìn)而通過(guò)ARCGIS演化區(qū)域生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)空間分異態(tài)勢(shì),分析不同時(shí)期浙中城市群的土地利用生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。結(jié)果表明:21年間,浙中城市群各種類(lèi)型土地利用之間的轉(zhuǎn)移態(tài)勢(shì)均顯著增強(qiáng):建設(shè)用地面積增加了近3倍;林地面積占比總體呈緩慢增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì);水域及水利設(shè)施用地面積占比逐年下降;未利用土地減少比率最大,其次是耕地;園地的總體面積略有增加,草地的總體面積呈減少態(tài)勢(shì)。浙中城市群的土地利用總體景觀格局質(zhì)量呈現(xiàn)先下降、后上升、再整體下降的態(tài)勢(shì),1996—2016年總體景觀破碎化指數(shù)增加,局部年份出現(xiàn)下降,景觀形狀指數(shù)和景觀多樣性指數(shù)總體下降,局部年份出現(xiàn)上升,各種類(lèi)型土地之間轉(zhuǎn)移趨向復(fù)雜波動(dòng)化?;?016年時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)的浙中城市群生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)空間演變特征視域判析,義烏市、東陽(yáng)市、武義縣的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)在0.69~0.82之間,為Ⅳ和Ⅴ等級(jí)區(qū),生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)為較高或高;婺城區(qū)、金東區(qū)、浦江縣的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)在0.56~0.59之間,為Ⅲ等級(jí)區(qū),生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)為中;蘭溪市、永康市、諸暨市、磐安縣、龍游縣、縉云縣的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)在0.49以下,為Ⅰ或Ⅱ等級(jí),生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)為低或較低。1996—2016年浙中城市群土地利用生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)的空間差異較大,且在空間分布上呈現(xiàn)“趨同俱樂(lè)部”現(xiàn)象和“集中—分散”演變趨勢(shì),即較高生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)和高生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)在空間上指向浙中城市群中部且出現(xiàn)集聚態(tài)勢(shì),較低生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)和低生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)在空間上分散在浙中城市群的西北、東南和西南地區(qū)。

    Abstract:

    As the carrier of regional urban development, land has been attached great importance to spatial planning and development policy. In order to explore the sustainable development mechanism of “l(fā)and use-ecology” in the middle-eastern urban agglomerations in the southeast coast, taking the central Zhejiang urban agglomeration as an example, the FRAGSTATS was used to measure the landscape fragmentation index of the central Zhejiang urban agglomeration by analyzing the five remote sensing image data from 1996 to 2016, including the horizontal value of the key time nodes of landscape shape index and landscape diversity index, and the evolution characteristics of the comprehensive landscape structure of the land use in the study area;and then the land use ecology of the central Zhejiang urban agglomeration in different periods was analyzed through the ARCGIS evolution regional ecological risk spatial differentiation. It was found that from 1996 to 2016, the transfer situation between various types of land use was significantly enhanced. The area of construction land was increased by nearly three times;the proportion of forest land area showed a slow growth trend;the land area of water resources and water conservancy facilities was decreased from 5.85% to 3.89% in 2006—2016, with a large decline;the unused land was reduced by nearly 21a. The most common ratio was followed by cultivated land. The actual reduced area of cultivated land was more than that of unused land. In the field and grassland, it was mainly distributed in the northeast direction and northwest direction of the central Zhejiang urban agglomeration. The overall increase in grassland was generally reduced. Increased and reduced areas account for a small proportion of total land use area. The overall landscape pattern quality of land use in central Zhejiang urban agglomerations showed a trend of “first decline-then rise-overall decline”. The specific performance was as follows: from 1996 to 2016, the overall landscape fragmentation index was increased, and the local year was declined. The landscape shape index and landscape diversity index were decreased overall, and the local year was increased. The transfer of various types of land tended to be complex and volatile. Based on 2016 time node spatial evolution characteristics of the horizon to ecological risk analysis of middle of Zhejiang, the ecological risk index of Yiwu, Dongyang and Wuyi was between 0.69~0.82, for Ⅳ and Ⅴ level areas, ecological risk level was high or higher;the ecological risk index of Wu City, Jindong Area and Pujiang County was between 0.56~0.59, for Ⅲ level area, ecological risk was moderate;the ecological risk index of Lanxi City, Yongkang City, Zhuji City, Panan County, Longyou County and Jinyun County was below 0.49, for Ⅰ or Ⅱ level, ecological risk level was low or relatively low. From 1996 to 2016, the spatial risk of land use ecological risk grades in central Zhejiang urban agglomerations was quite different, and the spatial distribution showed the phenomenon of “convergence club” and “concentration-distribution”, that was, higher ecological risk. The area and high ecological risk area were spatially directed to the central part of the middle-middle urban agglomeration and there was a gathering situation;the lower ecological risk area and the low ecological risk area were spatially dispersed in the northwest, southeast and southwest areas of the Zhejiang city group. The research and judgment of the sustainable use of land in central Zhejiang urban agglomeration provided ideas and methods to promote the sustainable development of land use and ecological environment in central Zhejiang urban agglomerations.

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石小偉,馮廣京,YI Yang,鄒逸江,葛浩然,蘇培添.浙中城市群土地利用格局時(shí)空演變特征與生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(5):242-251. SHI Xiaowei, FENG Guangjing, YI Yang, ZOU Yijiang, GE Haoran, SU Peitian. Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Land Use Landscape Patterns in Central Zhejiang Urban Agglomeration[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(5):242-251.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-29
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2020-05-10
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