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4U-1600型集堆式馬鈴薯挖掘機設(shè)計與試驗
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甘肅省高等學(xué)??蒲许椖浚?018D-15、2017D-13)


Design and Experiment of 4U-1600 Set of Pile Type Potato Digger
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)一級升運鏈馬鈴薯挖掘機土薯分離效果差、人工撿拾鋪條勞動強度大的作業(yè)難題,設(shè)計了4U-1600型集堆式馬鈴薯挖掘機。對挖掘機階梯挖掘鏟、兩級升運鏈?zhǔn)酵潦矸蛛x輸送裝置及液壓開啟式集薯箱等關(guān)鍵部件進行設(shè)計與選型,并完成其關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的計算確定。以樣機前進速度、一級土薯分離裝置線速度和二級土薯分離升運裝置線速度為自變量,以明薯率和傷薯率為響應(yīng)值,依照Box-Behnken試驗設(shè)計原理,采用三因素三水平響應(yīng)面分析方法,分別建立了各因素與明薯率、傷薯率之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并對各因素及其交互作用進行分析。試驗結(jié)果表明,對明薯率影響的主次順序依次為二級土薯分離升運裝置線速度、樣機前進速度和一級土薯分離裝置線速度,對傷薯率影響的主次順序依次為一級土薯分離裝置線速度、二級土薯分離升運裝置線速度和樣機前進速度;馬鈴薯挖掘機最佳工作參數(shù)為:樣機前進速度1.50m/s、一級土薯分離裝置線速度1.37m/s、二級土薯分離升運裝置線速度0.89m/s。驗證試驗表明,4U-1600型集堆式馬鈴薯挖掘機作業(yè)后,明薯率為95.11%、傷薯率為3.36%,性能試驗指標(biāo)均達到國家行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,表明在優(yōu)化工作參數(shù)條件下該作業(yè)機能夠提升馬鈴薯機械化收獲質(zhì)量。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the poor separation effect and artificial pick up potato labor intensity of the one stage lift chain potato digger, the 4U-1600 set of pile type potato digger was designed. Based on the prototype designed and selected of key operation parts, and the structure and operation parameters of ladder digging blade, two stage lifting chain soil-potato separating and conveying device and hydraulic open type potato collecting box were determined. For further study of the improved working performance of set of pile type potato digger, the Box-Behnken experimental design with three factors and three levels was performed, parameters such as forward velocity, one stage soil-potato separating and conveying device velocity and two stage soil-potato separating and conveying device velocity were selected as independent variables, which would influence the potato obvious rate and potato injury rate. The mathematical model was established, and then the effects of various parameters and their interactions were analyzed as well. The test results showed that effects orders of three parameters on the potato obvious rate from primary to secondary were as follows: two stage soil-potato separating and conveying device velocity, forward velocity and one stage soil-potato separating and conveying device velocity. And effects orders of three parameters on the potato injury rate from primary to secondary were as follows: one stage soil-potato separating and conveying device velocity, two stage soil-potato separating and conveying device velocity and forward velocity. The optimal working parameters were forward velocity of 1.50m/s, one stage soil-potato separating and conveying device velocity of 1.37m/s and two stage soil-potato separating and conveying device velocity of 0.89m/s. Confirmatory tests showed that the average value of the potato obvious rate and the potato injury rate were 95.11% and 3.36%, which were up to the relevant work quality evaluation specification requirements, and the experimental results met the design requirements of potato digger.

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楊小平,魏宏安,趙武云,姜彥武,戴立勛,黃曉鵬.4U-1600型集堆式馬鈴薯挖掘機設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2020,51(6):83-92. YANG Xiaoping, WEI Hongan, ZHAO Wuyun, JIANG Yanwu, DAI Lixun, HUANG Xiaopeng. Design and Experiment of 4U-1600 Set of Pile Type Potato Digger[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(6):83-92.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-09-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-06-10
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