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含障礙物多田塊下旋翼無人機(jī)作業(yè)返航補(bǔ)給規(guī)劃研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(31771683)、塔里木大學(xué)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放項(xiàng)目(TDNG20170102)、中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2662018PY08)和湖北省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2019CFB752)


Refill and Recharge Planning for Rotor UAV in Multiple Fields with Obstacles
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)同一區(qū)域內(nèi)相鄰多田塊的無人機(jī)單機(jī)作業(yè)任務(wù)路徑規(guī)劃問題,從續(xù)航、負(fù)重等實(shí)際問題出發(fā),考慮種肥藥液和油電能源等消耗品的按需多次返航補(bǔ)給,提出并實(shí)現(xiàn)一套含障礙物多田塊條件下單機(jī)多架次作業(yè)的農(nóng)用旋翼無人機(jī)自主飛行作業(yè)的路徑規(guī)劃算法。在給出作業(yè)路徑規(guī)劃優(yōu)化目標(biāo)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,提出“先路徑、后航次”兩步優(yōu)化法,先以最短路徑為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)規(guī)劃初始作業(yè)路徑,然后考慮消耗品按需返航后的補(bǔ)給與續(xù)作問題進(jìn)行航次規(guī)劃。針對(duì)變量噴播和恒量噴播2種噴播模式,分別提出兩種作業(yè)航向方向安排原則、航線調(diào)度原則、補(bǔ)給方式和續(xù)作模式,規(guī)劃出4種不同航向及航線調(diào)度組合策略下的初始作業(yè)路徑,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步給出4種不同組合補(bǔ)給續(xù)作優(yōu)化策略下的航次安排方案。針對(duì)假想田塊和真實(shí)田塊的算例仿真測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,規(guī)劃初始作業(yè)路徑的4種優(yōu)化策略能夠穩(wěn)定高效運(yùn)行,算法耗時(shí)78~105161ms,轉(zhuǎn)移路徑優(yōu)化效果為10.25%~33.81%;在航次優(yōu)化算法方面,算法耗時(shí)略有增加,為21170~106393ms,轉(zhuǎn)移路徑優(yōu)化效果為14.00%~26.27%,補(bǔ)給次數(shù)的最好優(yōu)化效果從15次降到10次??傮w來說,相同條件下完全重置+重排續(xù)作的組合策略表現(xiàn)較優(yōu)。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of single-machine operation task planning in adjacent multiple fields in the same area, according to the practical limits such as battery life and load-bearing, a path planning algorithm for an autonomous agricultural rotary-wings UAV with multi-flight operations in multiple fields with obstacles was proposed and realized considering the on-demand multiple returning supply of consumables such as seeds, fertilizer, chemicals, oil and electricity. On the basis of giving the operation path planning optimization target model, a two-step optimization method of “first path, and then flights” was proposed. Firstly, the initial coverage working path was planned with the shortest path as the optimization goal, and then the flights planning was carried out considering the replenishment and sequels after the returns of the consumables on demand. According to the two kinds of spraying and spreading modes, including the variable mode and constant mode, two orientation arrangements, route scheduling principle, replenishment mode and sequel mode were proposed respectively. The initial operation paths under four different headings and route scheduling strategies was planned and obtained. Then the flights arrangement solution under four different combinations of replenishment optimization strategies was further given. The simulation experiments on hypothetical plots and real plots showed that the proposed algorithm with the four optimization strategies of the initial operation paths run very stable and efficient. The first stage algorithm took time from 78ms to 105161ms, saving the transfer path from 10.25% to 33.81% when compared the better results with the relatively poor results. The time consumption of the second stage algorithm was increased slightly from 21170ms to 106393ms, saving the replenishment times from 15 to 10 in a test calculation and the transfer path from 14.00% to 26.27% when compared the better results with the relatively poor results. In general, the combine replenishment strategy of “all reset” and “go-on with new order” got better performance than others.

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黃小毛,唐燦,TANG Lie,羅承銘,李文成,張壘.含障礙物多田塊下旋翼無人機(jī)作業(yè)返航補(bǔ)給規(guī)劃研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(7):82-90,71. HUANG Xiaomao, TANG Can, TANG Lie, LUO Chengming, LI Wencheng, ZHANG Lei. Refill and Recharge Planning for Rotor UAV in Multiple Fields with Obstacles[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(7):82-90,71.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-07-10
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