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基于光譜信息的玉米變量追肥控制系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0200608)


Optimal Design and Experiment of Variable Topdressing Control System for Corn Based on Spectral Information
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    摘要:

    基于近地光譜信息的玉米變量追肥技術(shù)是實(shí)現(xiàn)氮肥科學(xué)合理施用的有效途徑。為提高追肥控制系統(tǒng)的光譜信息獲取精度及控制精度,對(duì)光譜傳感器布置方式及系統(tǒng)控制方法進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),并進(jìn)行了田間追肥試驗(yàn)。對(duì)行式及分布式布置方式對(duì)比試驗(yàn)表明:光譜傳感器分布式布置方式采集NDVI優(yōu)于對(duì)行式布置方式,獲取NDVI均值平均提高6.4%,方差平均降低0.038。NDVI采集數(shù)據(jù)采用滑動(dòng)窗口均值濾波算法進(jìn)行濾波,滑動(dòng)窗口邊長(zhǎng)為15,均方差為0.0079。系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)特性試驗(yàn)表明,系統(tǒng)的平均響應(yīng)時(shí)間為1.5s,平均穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差絕對(duì)值為0.775r/min,平均超調(diào)量為10.6%,系統(tǒng)在排肥輪工作轉(zhuǎn)速范圍內(nèi)具有較高的控制精度。田間施肥量控制效果評(píng)價(jià)試驗(yàn)表明,排肥理論轉(zhuǎn)速與監(jiān)測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)速的平均相對(duì)誤差為3.35%,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)施肥的目標(biāo)。

    Abstract:

    The technology of variable topdressing based on canopy spectral reflectance information is an effective way to realize the scientific and reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer. In order to improve the precision of spectrum information and topdressing control system, the arrangement of spectrum sensor and the optimization of system control method were carried out. Finally, the field experiment of topdressing was carried out. The comparison test of upright mode and distributed arrangement mode showed that the distributed arrangement of spectrum sensor was better than that of upright mode. The average value of NDVI was increased by 6.4%, and the variance was reduced by 0.038. NDVI acquisition data was filtered by sliding window mean filtering algorithm. The sliding window size was 15 and the mean square error was 0.0079. The system response test showed that the average response time of the system was 1.5s, the absolute value of the average steady-state error was 0.775r/min, and the average overshoot was 10.6%. The system had a high control accuracy in the range of working speed of fertilizer wheel. The results of field fertilization control showed that the average relative error between theoretical rotation speed and monitoring rotation speed was 3.35%, which could achieve the goal of precision fertilization.

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趙學(xué)觀,王秀,何亞凱,竇漢杰,翟長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn).基于光譜信息的玉米變量追肥控制系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(11):37-44. ZHAO Xueguan, WANG Xiu, HE Yakai, DOU Hanjie, ZHAI Changyuan. Optimal Design and Experiment of Variable Topdressing Control System for Corn Based on Spectral Information[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(11):37-44.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-11-25
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