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履帶式聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)全向調(diào)平底盤設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(農(nóng)科院辦(2014)216號(hào))、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(CARS-04-PS26)和國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0702000)


Design and Test of Posture Controlled Chassis for Caterpillar Combine
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)履帶式聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)在不平坦地表作業(yè)時(shí),車體隨地形起伏而傾斜,造成作業(yè)效率降低、駕駛員舒適性變差、安全性降低的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種履帶式聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)全向調(diào)平底盤。該底盤由上架、下架、升降機(jī)構(gòu)和電液控制系統(tǒng)組成,可實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)底盤傾斜時(shí)的自動(dòng)與手動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié),縱向調(diào)節(jié)范圍為-5°~7°,橫向調(diào)節(jié)范圍為-6.5°~6.5°,底盤最大提升高度為130mm。闡述了全向調(diào)平底盤的工作原理、電液控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)與調(diào)平控制策略,進(jìn)行了針對(duì)底盤性能的靜態(tài)與動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)平的驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)。靜態(tài)調(diào)平試驗(yàn)對(duì)底盤前最低、后最低、左最低、右最低、左前最低、右前最低、左后最低、右后最低8種傾斜狀態(tài)進(jìn)行調(diào)平,結(jié)果表明,自動(dòng)調(diào)平系統(tǒng)最長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間為8.2s,平均調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間4.2s,傾斜度調(diào)節(jié)誤差最大值為0.67°。動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)平試驗(yàn)針對(duì)自動(dòng)調(diào)平控制、手動(dòng)調(diào)平控制和固定地隙調(diào)平控制3種調(diào)平控制模式,進(jìn)行了坡地、畦溝田塊、水田等地形下的調(diào)平對(duì)比試驗(yàn)。在坡地與畦溝田塊試驗(yàn)中,自動(dòng)調(diào)平控制模式可以改善底盤的傾斜狀態(tài),提高底盤的穩(wěn)定性;手動(dòng)調(diào)平控制模式有一定的調(diào)節(jié)作用,但調(diào)節(jié)穩(wěn)定性較差。在水田試驗(yàn)中,自動(dòng)調(diào)平控制模式調(diào)平效果優(yōu)于坡地與畦溝田塊,說明在地形起伏較小的條件下,自動(dòng)調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng)調(diào)平效果更好。動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)平試驗(yàn)表明,自動(dòng)調(diào)平系統(tǒng)可以減小底盤傾斜度,提高底盤穩(wěn)定性,增強(qiáng)聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)對(duì)不平坦地表的適應(yīng)性。

    Abstract:

    Considering the fact that the tracked combine inclined with the undulation of the terrain when it worked on the uneven ground, which resulted in the reduction of the working efficiency, the poor driving comfort and the low safety of the manipulator, a kind of posture controlled chassis of the tracked combine was designed. The chassis was composed of upper frame, lower frame, lifting mechanism and electrohydraulic control system, which can realize automatic and manual adjustment when the combine chassis tilted. The longitudinal adjustment range was -5°~ 7°, the transverse adjustment range was -6.5°~ 6.5°, the maximum lifting height of the chassis was 130mm. The working principle of posture controlled chassis, the structure of electrohydraulic control system and leveling control strategy were described, and then static and dynamic leveling verification tests for chassis performance were carried out. The static leveling test was carried out on the eight tilting states of the chassis: the lowest in front, the lowest in rear, the lowest in left, the lowest in right, the lowest in front, the lowest in right, the lowest in rear and the lowest in right. The test result showed that the maximum adjustment time of the automatic leveling system was 8.2s, the average adjustment time was 4.2s, and the maximum inclination error was 0.67°. The dynamic leveling experiment was carried out for three leveling control modes: automatic leveling control, manual leveling control and fixed gap leveling control. In the experiment of slope and furrow field, the automatic leveling control mode can improve the tilt state of chassis and the stability of chassis. The manual leveling control mode had a certain adjustment effect, but the adjustment stability was poor. In the paddy field experiment, the leveling effect of the automatic leveling control mode was better than that of the slope and furrow fields, which showed that the leveling performance of the automatic leveling control system was better under the condition of small terrain fluctuation. The dynamic leveling test showed that the automatic leveling system can reduce the inclination of the chassis, improve the stability of the chassis and enhance the adaptability of the combine to the uneven ground.

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金誠謙,楊騰祥,劉崗微,王廷恩,陳滿,劉政.履帶式聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)全向調(diào)平底盤設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(11):393-402. JIN Chengqian, YANG Tengxiang, LIU Gangwei, WANG Tingen, CHEN Man, LIU Zheng. Design and Test of Posture Controlled Chassis for Caterpillar Combine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(11):393-402.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-01-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-11-25
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