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油菜深施肥播種機(jī)動態(tài)傾斜工況排肥性能試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD0200901)、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(32001427)、中國博士后科學(xué)基金項目(590320118)、國家油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)體系專項(CARS-12)和湖北省博士后科技活動項目(590320101)


Experiment on Fertilizing Performance of Dynamic Tilt Conditionof Seeder with Deep Fertilizer for Rapeseed
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    摘要:

    針對油菜播種機(jī)同步深施肥作業(yè)中肥料條帶集中,機(jī)具受地表坡度變化等因素作用發(fā)生傾斜時,各條帶施肥量變化情況不明確的問題,以油菜深施肥播種機(jī)排肥系統(tǒng)為研究對象,構(gòu)建不同傾斜工況下肥料顆粒的動力學(xué)模型,分析機(jī)具動態(tài)傾斜對肥料顆粒流動特性的影響,利用測試平臺模擬播種機(jī)在1°~5°動態(tài)傾斜作業(yè)工況,開展外槽輪排肥器各行排量一致性和總排量穩(wěn)定性影響試驗,并建立傾斜狀態(tài)對施肥均勻性影響的數(shù)學(xué)模型。試驗結(jié)果表明,播種機(jī)處于水平狀態(tài)理想工況時,排肥器各行排量一致性變異系數(shù)和總排量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)平均為8.75%和0.89%;當(dāng)播種機(jī)沿作業(yè)方向前后動態(tài)單向傾斜或俯仰,隨著角度增大,排肥器各行排量一致性和總排量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)逐漸減小,最低可達(dá)8.35%和0.41%,說明沿作業(yè)方向的前后俯仰擺動對外槽輪排肥性能具有增益效應(yīng);而播種機(jī)沿垂直作業(yè)方向左右動態(tài)單向傾斜或往復(fù)擺動角逐漸增大時,排肥器各行排量一致性和總排量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)逐漸增大,往復(fù)擺動最大傾角為5°時達(dá)到最大值11.41%和2.16%。研究結(jié)果為油菜機(jī)械化播種同步深施肥作業(yè)和播種機(jī)施肥性能優(yōu)化提供了參考。

    Abstract:

    The existing combined precision seeder for rapeseed would tilt when it delivers fertilizer into seedbed simultaneously with rape seed, which is affected by the change of land slope and other factors, and it has persistent challenge that solving the problem fertilizer strip is concentrated cause uneven application of fertilizer and low fertilizer efficiency in the field, highlighting a need for investigating the unclear problem that change law of fertilizer amount in each strip under inclined state. In order to clarify the relationship between uniformity of fertilizer and inclined state, the fertilizer system combined precision seeder for rapeseed was taken as the research object, and the dynamic model of fertilizer particles under different inclined state was constructed, which was used to analyze the influence of inclined state on the flow characteristics of fertilizer. Firstly, the working condition of seeder in the field under the different tilted angle in the range of 1°~5° was simulated by test platform, and single factor experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of the different inclined states with apiece row consistency variability coefficient and the stability variability coefficient of the outer groovewheel fertilizer. Furthermore, the mathematical model of the influence of the inclined state with the fertilization uniformity was established. The test results showed that the apiece row consistency variability coefficient and the stability variability coefficient of the fertilizer feed was 8.75% and 0.89% when the seeder was in the horizontal ideal state;while with the increase of the angle range of single swing or reciprocating swing in the operation direction, the apiece row consistency variability coefficient and stability variability coefficient of the fertilizer feed were gradually decreased, with the lowest value of 8.35% and 0.41%, which indicated that the swing along the operation direction had an enhancement effect on the fertilization uniformity of the fertilizer feed. However, with the increase of the angle range of single swing or reciprocating swing in the vertical operation direction, the apiece row consistency variability coefficient and stability variability coefficient of the fertilizer feed were gradually increased, and the maximum values reached 11.41% and 2.16% when the inclination angle was 5°. This study provided a reference for field production and fertilization performance optimization of rape synchronous deep fertilization seeder.

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高麗萍,陳慧,廖慶喜,張青松,李玥賓,廖宜濤.油菜深施肥播種機(jī)動態(tài)傾斜工況排肥性能試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2020,51(s1):64-72. GAO Liping, CHEN Hui, LIAO Qingxi, ZHANG Qingsong, LI Yuebin, LIAO Yitao. Experiment on Fertilizing Performance of Dynamic Tilt Conditionof Seeder with Deep Fertilizer for Rapeseed[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s1):64-72.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
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