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青貯玉米收獲機(jī)碟盤式籽粒破碎裝置仿真優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)
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山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應(yīng)用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(SD2019XM001)和山東省農(nóng)機(jī)裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YF004)


Simulation Optimization and Experiment of Disc-type Grain Crushing Device of Silage Corn Harvester
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    針對青貯玉米收獲機(jī)玉米籽粒破碎效果差、破碎率低、影響青貯秸稈發(fā)酵與籽粒養(yǎng)分轉(zhuǎn)化的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了適合青貯玉米籽粒破碎的碟盤式青貯玉米籽粒破碎試驗(yàn)臺,對關(guān)鍵部件刀盤進(jìn)行了參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì),基于DEM法對籽粒破碎過程進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動和力學(xué)分析,首先建立基于離散元法的玉米籽粒粘結(jié)顆粒模型;利用EDEM離散元仿真軟件開展正交仿真試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化,選取刀齒數(shù)、刀刃深度、破碎間隙和刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速作為仿真試驗(yàn)因素,籽粒破碎率為試驗(yàn)考察指標(biāo),確定了最優(yōu)組合參數(shù),即刀齒數(shù)48、刀刃深度5mm、破碎間隙2mm、刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速59r/s,在該條件下籽粒破碎率為90.35%,仿真試驗(yàn)與臺架試驗(yàn)相對誤差為3.36%;臺架試驗(yàn)結(jié)束后,采用賓州篩對其篩分,物料可分為小型、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、大型和未完全破碎型4種,占比分別為1.3∶6∶1.8∶0.9,與仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致。臺架試驗(yàn)各指標(biāo)滿足行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對玉米籽粒的高破碎和高作業(yè)效率。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of poor corn kernel crushing effect and low crushing rate of corn silage corn harvester, which affects the fermentation of silage straw and the conversion of kernel nutrients, combined with the disc-type kernel crushing technology which has the advantages of high working efficiency and good crushing quality, a dish-type silage corn kernel crushing test bench suitable for crushing silage corn kernels was developed. Parametric design of the key components of the cutter head, the movement and mechanical analysis of the grain crushing process were done based on the DEM method, firstly, the corn kernel bonding particle model was established based on the discrete element method. The EDEM discrete element simulation software was used to carry out the optimization simulation of the orthogonal experiment. The number of teeth, depth of blade, crushing gap and speed of the cutter roll were selected as the simulation test factors. The grain crushing rate was tested and investigated. The optimal combination parameter was determined: the number of teeth was 48, the depth of blade was 5mm, the crushing gap was 2mm, and the speed of the knife roll was 59r/s. Under these conditions, the grain crushing rate was 90.35%, and the relative error between the simulation test and the bench test result was 3.36%. After the end of the bench test, the materials were screened with a Pennsylvania screen. The materials can be divided into four types: small, standard, large and incompletely crushed, with a ratio of 1.3∶6∶1.8∶0.9, which was consistent with the simulation test results. The various indicators of the bench test met the industry standards, achieving high crushing of corn kernels and high working efficiency.

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牟孝棟,姜慧新,孫延成,徐海港,姚艷春,耿端陽.青貯玉米收獲機(jī)碟盤式籽粒破碎裝置仿真優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(s1):218-226. MOU Xiaodong, JIANG Huixin, SUN Yancheng, XU Haigang, YAO Yanchun, GENG Duanyang. Simulation Optimization and Experiment of Disc-type Grain Crushing Device of Silage Corn Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s1):218-226.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
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