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獼猴桃片旋轉(zhuǎn)托盤(pán)式微波真空干燥特性分析
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云南省重大科技專項(xiàng)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018ZF004)、云南省科技人才和平臺(tái)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019IC001)和四川省科技創(chuàng)新人才計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020JDRC0066)


Rotating Tray Microwave Vacuum Drying Characteristics of Kiwifruit Slices
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    摘要:

    為研究獼猴桃片基于旋轉(zhuǎn)托盤(pán)式微波真空干燥特性及品質(zhì)優(yōu)化工藝,探討了不同功率密度(3.33、6.25、9.58W/g)、干燥溫度(40、45、50、55℃)、腔室壓力(5、10、15、20kPa)及切片厚度(3、6、9、12mm)對(duì)獼猴桃片干燥特性的影響,比較了旋轉(zhuǎn)托盤(pán)式相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)水平轉(zhuǎn)盤(pán)式微波真空裝備的優(yōu)勢(shì),并研究了不同模型擬合預(yù)測(cè)獼猴桃片水分比變化的準(zhǔn)確性與適用性。結(jié)果表明:隨著功率密度的降低和切片厚度的增大,物料干燥過(guò)程中存在更為明顯的恒速段;當(dāng)干基含水率降至1.3g/g左右時(shí),干燥過(guò)程轉(zhuǎn)入降速階段。綜合考慮感官評(píng)價(jià)及干燥時(shí)間可得,功率密度6.25W/g、干燥溫度45℃、腔室壓力5kPa、切片厚度6mm干燥條件下獼猴桃片干制品品質(zhì)最佳。旋轉(zhuǎn)托盤(pán)式微波真空干燥可大幅提升物料裝載量,干燥均勻性較傳統(tǒng)方式提升了16%,干燥平均能耗僅為后者的71.2%。通過(guò)模型預(yù)測(cè)值與試驗(yàn)實(shí)測(cè)值的比較,BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型決定系數(shù)R2可達(dá)0.996,相比Weibull模型能更好地預(yù)測(cè)獼猴桃干燥過(guò)程的水分比變化規(guī)律。

    Abstract:

    To investigate the rotating tray microwave vacuum drying characteristics and quality attributes of kiwifruit slices, the effects of different microwave power density (3.33W/g, 6.25W/g and 9.58W/g),drying temperature (40℃, 45℃, 50℃ and 55℃), vacuum holding pressure (20kPa, 15kPa,10kPa and 5kPa) and slice thickness (3mm, 6mm, 9mm and 12mm) on the drying kinetics of kiwifruit slices were analyzed. Weibull function and neural network model were also compared to choose the appropriate fitting model for kiwifruit slices drying. The results suggested that rotary tray microwave vacuum drying can greatly increase the material loading capacity. Meanwhile, the drying uniformity was increased by 16% compared with the traditional vacuum microwave drying method, and the average energy consumption was only 71.2% of the latter, which ensured excellent drying quality under the mass processing of kiwifruit slices. With the decrease of power density and the increase of slice thickness, there was a more obvious constant speed section in the process of material drying. When the moisture content of kiwifruit slices (dry base) dropped to about 1.3g/g, the drying process changed to the speed reduction stage. The drying rate was added with the increase of microwave power density, drying temperature and vacuum holding pressure, as well as the decrease in slice thickness. Properly reducing the power density and drying temperature, increasing the vacuum degree and thickness can improve the quality attributes of dry products. The optimization parameter was confirmed at the power density of 6.25W/g, drying temperature of 45℃, vacuum holding pressure of 5kPa and the thickness of 6mm. By analyzing the predicted values of two models, the determination coefficient (R2) of neural network model can reach up to 0.996 and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 0.0216, which had better simulation precision than that of Weibull model and it can predict the water transfer law of kiwifruit accurately during microwave vacuum drying. The research reuslt provided a scientific reference for the mass production of kiwi fruit slices during the pilot stage.

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張付杰,辛立東,代建武,李麗霞,周杰.獼猴桃片旋轉(zhuǎn)托盤(pán)式微波真空干燥特性分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(s1):501-508. ZHANG Fujie, XIN Lidong, DAI Jianwu, LI Lixia, ZHOU Jie. Rotating Tray Microwave Vacuum Drying Characteristics of Kiwifruit Slices[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s1):501-508.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-11-10
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