1.5L,補種粒距依然為漏播,無法實現漏播補償功能,若在種子脫離排種口之前檢測到漏播信號,提前做好加速準備再進行補種,可實現漏播自補償功能。由漏播自補償試驗可知,漏播自補償受播種速度和播種粒距影響較大,在播種粒距為20、25cm,播種速度不大于5km/h時,補種合格率不小于88%,在播種粒距為15cm或播種速度大于5km/h時,補種合格率較低;由漏播輔助補償補種性能試驗可知,在播種速度3~7km/h,粒距15~25cm下,補種成功率不小于89%,在播種速度不大于5km/h,補種合格率不小于96%。為了保證補種位置精確,采用漏播輔助補償裝置進行補種,〖JP2〗需合理設計漏播補償裝置安裝位置,同時受播種速度、播種粒距、排種盤線速度、投種角的影響,通過合理設計補種裝置安裝參數后,控制補種裝置響應時間t和補償裝置排種盤的線速度vb實現補種位置的精確控制。"/>

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玉米免耕播種機漏播補償方法對比研究
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遼寧省教育廳科學研究經費項目(IX202001)和遼寧機電職業(yè)技術學院科研項目(ky202003)


Comparative Research on Miss-seeding Reseed Method in No-tillage Corn Planter
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    摘要:

    為解決玉米免耕播種機播種作業(yè)時存在漏播的問題,針對漏播自補償和漏播輔助補償方法進行了對比研究。對水平圓盤排種器的排種性能進行試驗,獲取了排種器在不同排種盤轉速和播種粒距下排種合格指數、漏播指數和重播指數。由漏播自補償補種性能分析可得,在排種口檢測漏播信號進行加速補種,補種的實際粒距LPR>1.5L,補種粒距依然為漏播,無法實現漏播補償功能,若在種子脫離排種口之前檢測到漏播信號,提前做好加速準備再進行補種,可實現漏播自補償功能。由漏播自補償試驗可知,漏播自補償受播種速度和播種粒距影響較大,在播種粒距為20、25cm,播種速度不大于5km/h時,補種合格率不小于88%,在播種粒距為15cm或播種速度大于5km/h時,補種合格率較低;由漏播輔助補償補種性能試驗可知,在播種速度3~7km/h,粒距15~25cm下,補種成功率不小于89%,在播種速度不大于5km/h,補種合格率不小于96%。為了保證補種位置精確,采用漏播輔助補償裝置進行補種,〖JP2〗需合理設計漏播補償裝置安裝位置,同時受播種速度、播種粒距、排種盤線速度、投種角的影響,通過合理設計補種裝置安裝參數后,控制補種裝置響應時間t和補償裝置排種盤的線速度vb實現補種位置的精確控制。

    Abstract:

    Comparison research was carried out on the performance of self compensation and auxiliary compensation in seed metering device, in order to solve the issue of missseeding in notillage corn planter. The performance indicators of metering device at different disc speeds and seed spacing were obtained through the performance test of horizontal disc seed metering device, and the indicators included seeding qualification index, missseeding index and reseeding index. Based on these, the reseeding performance under self compensation and auxiliary compensation methods for missing seeding could be analyzed. The test result showed that when the seeding speed was from 3km/h to 7km/h and the seed spacing was 15cm, 20cm and 25cm, the qualification index of the metering device was decreased with the increase of the seeding speed, and the smaller the seed spacing was, the lower the qualified rate was at the same speed; the missseeding index was increased with the increase of seeding speed, and the smaller the seed spacing was, the higher the missseeding index was. The analysis of the performance of self compensation for missseeding shows that after detecting missseeding signals at the seeding metering port and carrying out accelerated reseeding, the actual seed spacing LPR was larger than 1.5L, and the reseeding spacing was still missseeding, despite that the missseeding spacing was lowered, where precise missing reseeding function could not be realized. In case the missseeding signal could be detected before the seed left the metering hole, and the acceleration preparation was made in advance, then the missseeding could be realized. Selfcompensation for missed seeding was greatly affected by seeding speed and seeding spacing. When the seeding spacing was 20cm and 25cm and the seeding speed was not more than 5km/h, the qualified rate of reseeding was above 88%. When the seeding spacing was 15cm or the seeding speed was above 5km/h, the qualified rate of reseeding was lower. The performance of variable speed seeding would gradually weaken with the increase of seeding speed. Through the analysis of the performance of the auxiliary compensation device for missseeding, at the seeding speed of 3~7km/h and the grain spacing of 15~25cm, the success rate of reseeding was above 89%, and the qualified rate of reseeding was above 96% at the seeding speed of 5km/h or below. It was concluded that the reseeding position should be ensured to be precise, where the installation position of the compensation device for missseeding should be reasonably designed. In the meantime, after reasonably design of the compensation reseeding device installation indicators, the t (response time) and vb (linear speed of compensation device seeding discs) should be controlled to realize the precise control of the reseeding position, as they may be affected by seeding speed, seeding spacing, seeding disc linear speed and the seeding angle. 

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吳南.玉米免耕播種機漏播補償方法對比研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(s2):41-46,78. WU Nan. Comparative Research on Miss-seeding Reseed Method in No-tillage Corn Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s2):41-46,78.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10
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