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基于EDEM的玉米精播高位投種著床位置影響因素研究
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山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2019JZZY010732)和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系專項(xiàng)(CARS-02)


Influencing Factors of Corn Implantation Distribution for High-height Planting Based on EDEM
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    摘要:

    玉米精量播種機(jī)多采用高位投種,種子著床過(guò)程彈跳移位,粒距一致性變差的問(wèn)題突出。為了探明高位投種著床位置影響因素,利用三維激光絕對(duì)臂測(cè)量機(jī),掃描真實(shí)種溝外形,通過(guò)逆向建模方法構(gòu)建種溝三維數(shù)字模型,采用正向測(cè)量和逆向驗(yàn)證組合標(biāo)定種子與土壤接觸參數(shù):滾動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)0.22,滑動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)0.727,碰撞恢復(fù)系數(shù)0.16。基于標(biāo)定參數(shù)的仿真試驗(yàn)與真實(shí)試驗(yàn)相比,著床種子與導(dǎo)種管出口距離誤差為4.7%,仿真種子著床過(guò)程與真實(shí)過(guò)程接近。以播種作業(yè)速度、粒距和投種角為因素,以種子著床點(diǎn)與第1落點(diǎn)的縱向偏移量為指標(biāo),基于種溝三維數(shù)字模型,開展單因素仿真試驗(yàn)和兩因素四水平仿真試驗(yàn),單因素試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:高位投種過(guò)程中,粒距對(duì)種子縱向偏移量影響不顯著(P>0.05),投種角和作業(yè)速度對(duì)種子縱向偏移量有顯著影響(P<0.01);兩因素四水平試驗(yàn)表明:相同投種角條件下,縱向偏移量隨著作業(yè)速度的增大而增大;相同作業(yè)速度條件下,縱向偏移量隨投種角的增大而增大;著床時(shí)種子與種床的縱向速度(種子速度沿作業(yè)方向的分量)與縱向偏移量呈線性相關(guān)關(guān)系,作業(yè)速度和投種角通過(guò)影響種子與種床的縱向速度影響種子著床分布。田間試驗(yàn)表明:隨縱向速度增加,粒距合格指數(shù)先增大后減小,變異系數(shù)先減小后增加;粒距合格指數(shù)最大值出現(xiàn)在縱向速度為0.14m/s時(shí),粒距變異系數(shù)最小值出現(xiàn)在縱向速度-0.18m/s時(shí),說(shuō)明縱向速度越接近零,播種效果越好,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)論。

    Abstract:

    Seedmeter is highheight installed by many precision planters. Seeds go through tube and get a high speed before implantation in those planters. Shift caused by a collision in high speed leads to bad uniformity of seed distance. To explore the law of seed implantation distribution based on highheight planting, an absolute arm with threedimensional (3D) laser was used to scan the soil surface profile of seed furrow, a 3D digital model of seed furrow was constructed, contact parameters between seeds and soil were calibrated. Coefficient of rolling friction, coefficient of sliding friction and collision recovery coefficient were 0.22, 0.727 and 0.16, respectively. Compared with the real test results, the distance error between implanted seed and outlet of seed tube by simulation was 4.7%. Operating speed, spacing in the rows and seed throwing angle were taken into account. Longitudinal offset of seed implantation point and the first landing point were taken as the indexes. A single factor test and a 2×4 full factor test were carried out. Singlefactor test results showed that spacing in the row had no significant effect on longitudinal offset (P>0.05), while seed throwing angle and operation speed had significant effect on the longitudinal offset of seeds (P<0.01). Full factor test result indicated that longitudinal offset was increased with the increase of operation speed under same seed throwing angle; longitudinal offset was increased with the increase of seed throwing angle under the condition of same operating speed. There was a linear correlation between longitudinal (along operation direction) velocity and longitudinal offset. Operation speed and seed throwing angle affected seed implantation distribution by influencing the longitudinal velocity between seed and seedbed. Field trials were conducted, results showed that with the increase of longitudinal velocity, the qualified index of spacing in the row first was increased and then decreased, and the coefficient of variation was firstly decreased and then increased, which further verified the conclusion of simulation test.

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顏丙新,武廣偉,付衛(wèi)強(qiáng),高娜娜,孟志軍,朱鵬.基于EDEM的玉米精播高位投種著床位置影響因素研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(s2):47-54. YAN Bingxin, WU Guangwei, FU Weiqiang, GAO Nana, MENG Zhijun, ZHU Peng. Influencing Factors of Corn Implantation Distribution for High-height Planting Based on EDEM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s2):47-54.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10
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