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基于鱘魚頭部曲線的植保分禾吊桿組合裝置設計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD020100408、2018YFD020080709)


Design and Experiment of Plant Protection Opener Suspender Combination Device Based on Sturgeon Head Curve
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    摘要:

    針對作物生長中后期進行植保作業(yè)時莖葉背面及植株中、下部霧滴沉積較差的問題,以鱘魚頭部曲線為仿生原型,進行了植保仿生分禾與吊桿組合施藥裝置設計與試驗?;诜律鷺嫿ㄌ崛×索\魚頭部輪廓曲線,實現(xiàn)分禾葉片結構仿生,并分析了莖葉減傷機理,通過理論分析建立莖稈彎曲和回彈數(shù)學模型,確定了分禾葉片寬度、噴頭距分禾葉片尾端距離等關鍵結構參數(shù)。運用ADAMS仿真軟件模擬分禾葉片與莖稈的接觸全過程,檢驗仿生分禾葉片相對于原型圓弧分禾葉片的降阻減傷效果。通過正交旋轉組合試驗探討結構及工作參數(shù)對行進阻力及霧滴沉積度的影響規(guī)律,采用蟻群算法對數(shù)學回歸模型進行多目標優(yōu)化,獲得Pareto最優(yōu)解集,確定最佳參數(shù)組合為行進速度7.0km/h、傾斜角16°、距地高度155mm,在此參數(shù)組合下行進阻力38.7N,平均霧滴沉積度31.5個/cm2。田間性能試驗表明,試驗結果與優(yōu)化結果誤差較??;與傳統(tǒng)施藥方式相比,仿生植保分禾與吊桿組合裝置能夠顯著改善霧滴在植株中、下部的沉積情況,其變異系數(shù)為5.3%;與現(xiàn)有原型圓弧分禾裝置相比,仿生分禾裝置可使霧滴沉積度提高13.6%、前進阻力降低20.7%,行進阻力變化趨勢與仿真結果誤差較小。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of poor droplet deposition on the back of the stems and leaves and the middle and lower parts of the plants during plant protection operations in the middle and late stages of crop growth,the sturgeon head curve was used as a bionic prototype to design and test a plant protection bionic cropping and hanging rod combined pesticide application device. Based on the bionic construction to extract the head contour curve of the sturgeon,realize the bionics of the opener blade,analyze the damage reduction mechanism of the stem and leaf, and establish the mathematical model of the stem bending and rebound through theoretical analysis to determine the width of the opener blade and the distance between the nozzles. Key structural parameters such as the distance from the tail end of the opener blade were obtained. The ADAMS simulation software was used to simulate the whole process of the contact between the opener blade and the stems,and the effect of the bionic opener blade on reducing drag and injury compared with the prototype blades was tested. Through orthogonal rotating combination experiments,the influence degree and law of structure and working parameters on traveling resistance and droplet deposition degree were discussed,and the mathematical regression model was optimized by using ant colony algorithm to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set and determine the best parameter combination, which was as follows: the traveling speed was 7.0km/h,the inclination angle was 16°, and the height was 155mm from the ground. Under these parameter combination,the traveling resistance was 38.7N,and the average droplet deposition degree was 31.5/cm2. The results were verified by field performance experiments,and the error between experiments and optimization was small;compared with the traditional method of pesticide application,the bionic plant protection opener and suspender combination device can significantly improve the deposition of fog droplets in the middle and lower parts of the plant,with a coefficient of variation of 5.3%;compared with the existing prototype the bionic opener device can increase the degree of droplet deposition by 13.6%,reduce the forward resistance by 20.7%,and had a smaller error between the trend of the movement resistance and the simulation result. This research provided design reference for the development of high-efficiency pesticide application technology for stems and leaves.

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孫文峰,劉海洋,付天鵬,何躍,王潤濤,王福林.基于鱘魚頭部曲線的植保分禾吊桿組合裝置設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(1):49-61. SUN Wenfeng, LIU Haiyang, FU Tianpeng, HE Yue, WANG Runtao, WANG Fulin. Design and Experiment of Plant Protection Opener Suspender Combination Device Based on Sturgeon Head Curve[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(1):49-61.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-10-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-01-10
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