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農(nóng)田水鹽運移與作物生長對虧水滴灌的響應(yīng)和模擬研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(51679234、51790535)


Response and Simulation of Farmland Water-Salt Transport and Growth of Crops to Deficit Drip Irrigation
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    摘要:

    為探究西北干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)田水鹽運移與作物生長對虧水滴灌的響應(yīng)以及層狀土壤中水分-溶質(zhì)運移和作物生長耦合模型(Layered soil water-solute transport and crop growth model,LAWSTAC)的適用性,設(shè)置3種水分處理W100、W70、W40,分別表示灌溉需水量的100%、70%和40%,于2018年在農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部作物高效用水武威科學觀測實驗站進行了大田試驗。結(jié)果表明:在制種玉米生長苗期,單次灌水后,淺層(0~20cm)土壤含鹽量降低;經(jīng)全生育期灌溉后,灌水量越大,淺層脫鹽和深層積鹽現(xiàn)象越明顯。3種水分處理下灌水量越多的處理,制種玉米葉面積指數(shù)(LAI)和最終地上生物量越高,作物長勢越好。LAWSTAC模型能較好地模擬農(nóng)田水鹽運移和制種玉米的生長過程;各處理LAI模擬值與實測值之間的決定系數(shù)R2均為0.99,RMSE為0.20~0.87cm2/cm2;各處理地上生物量的模擬值與實測值的R2均為0.99,RMSE為1.62~3.57t/hm2,說明LAWSTAC模型可以較為準確地模擬制種玉米LAI、地上生物量的動態(tài)變化。0~80cm土層貯水量的模擬結(jié)果表明,各處理R2為0.41~0.61,RMSE為12~21mm;0~80cm土壤鹽分質(zhì)量濃度的模擬結(jié)果表明,各處理R2為0.53~0.60,RMSE為1.37~2.56g/L,效果較好。因此,LAWSTAC模型可為當?shù)貜碗s土壤條件的農(nóng)田進行生產(chǎn)力的初步預(yù)測與評估。

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    The research was based on a developed model for farmland water-salt transport and crop growth (LAWSTAC). In order to explore the response of farmland water and salt transport and crop growth to deficient drip irrigation and test the applicability of LAWSTAC model in the northwest arid region, field experiment was carried out in the Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2018. Three treatments were considered in the experiment, including three irrigation levels, i.e., 100%, 70% and 40% of full irrigation (i.e., W100, W70 and W40), respectively. The results showed that salinity in shallow (0~20cm) soils was reduced after the irrigation during the seedling period of seed-maize production. For the whole growth period, the greater the irrigation amount was, the more obvious the phenomenon of desalination in upper layer and salt accumulation in deeper layer was. Larger irrigation generally resulted in higher plant leaf area index (LAI) and higher final above-ground biomass of the seed-maize under the three irrigation levels. The LAWSTAC model can well simulate the farmland water-salt transport and the growth of seed-maize. The values of determination coefficient (R2) of the simulated and measured LAI were 0.99,and the values of root mean square error (RMSE) were between 0.20cm2/cm2 and 0.87cm2/cm2. The values of R2 of the simulated and measured aboveground biomass were 0.99, and the values of RMSE were between 1.62t/hm2 and 3.57t/hm2. It was demonstrated that the LAWSTAC model can accurately simulate the dynamic changes of LAI and aboveground biomass of seed-maize. LAWSTAC model was validated for simulating soil water storage in 0~80cm soil layer under different treatments with 0.41

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薄麗媛,趙引,毛曉敏,陳帥.農(nóng)田水鹽運移與作物生長對虧水滴灌的響應(yīng)和模擬研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(1):248-255,237. BO Liyuan, ZHAO Yin, MAO Xiaomin, CHEN Shuai. Response and Simulation of Farmland Water-Salt Transport and Growth of Crops to Deficit Drip Irrigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(1):248-255,237.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-01-10
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