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中國東北地區(qū)季節(jié)性積雪導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)及溫度變化特征分析
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFC0407301-03)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41876213)


Analysis of Thermal Conductivity and Temperature Variation Characteristics of Seasonal Snow in Northeast China
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    摘要:

    積雪作為一種重要的下墊面,其熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的影響至關(guān)重要。利用中國東北地區(qū)天然積雪在不同密度(0.30、0.35、0.40、0.45g/cm3)下的雪溫?cái)?shù)據(jù),分析積雪溫度的變化特征,研究不同溫度(-5、-10、-15、-20、-25℃)、不同密度(0.35、0.40、0.45、0.50、0.55、0.60\g/cm3)下的積雪導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明:雪的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)隨密度的增加而逐漸增大,二者之間存在良好的指數(shù)相關(guān)關(guān)系;在不同密度下雪導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)對(duì)溫度的響應(yīng)呈現(xiàn)明顯的差異,密度為0.40~0.45g/cm3時(shí),導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)隨溫度的升高而增大,密度為0.50~0.60g/cm3時(shí),溫度在-15~-25℃的雪導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)隨溫度的降低而增大;在溫度觀測期間,雪溫與氣溫變化趨勢一致,且均低于0℃,在一天的不同時(shí)段,表面雪層會(huì)出現(xiàn)冷暖中心,0~20cm淺層雪層的溫度變化劇烈,雪溫變化幅度自雪面向下逐漸減小,雪溫振幅與積雪深度之間存在良好的負(fù)指數(shù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。深層雪溫達(dá)到極值的時(shí)間滯后于表面雪層約4h。在相同深度的雪層中,雪層溫度隨密度的增加呈現(xiàn)減小的趨勢。

    Abstract:

    As an important underlying surface, the thermal properties of snow are extremely important to the surrounding environment. Based on the snow temperature data under different densities (0.30g/cm3, 0.35g/cm3, 0.40g/cm3 and 0.45g/cm3) of natural snow in Northeast China, the variation characteristics of snow temperature were analyzed. At the same time, the variation law of the thermal conductivity of snow at different temperatures (-5℃, -10℃, -15℃, -20℃ and -25℃) and densities (0.35g/cm3, 0.40g/cm3, 0.45g/cm3, 0.50g/cm3, 0.55g/cm3 and 0.60g/cm3) was analyzed. The results showed that the thermal conductivity of snow was increased with the increase of density, and there was a great index correlation between them. And the response of the thermal conductivity of snow in temperature showed obvious difference under different densities. In the density range of 0.40~0.45g/cm3, the thermal conductivity was increased with the increase of temperature;in the density range of 0.50~0.60g/cm3 and the temperature range of -15~-25℃, the thermal conductivity of snow was increased with the decrease of temperature;during the temperature observation period, snow cover temperature was consistent with the change trend of air temperature, and both were less than 0℃. In different periods of the day, the surface of the snow layer appeared to the cold and warm center, and the temperature of the shallow 0~20cm snow layer was changed dramatically. The variation range of snow temperature was gradually decreased with the increase of snow depth. There was a great negative index correlation between amplitude of snow temperature and snow depth. The time of reaching the extreme value of deep snow temperature was slightly lagged behind that of the surface snow layer about 4h. In the same depth of the snow layer, the temperature was decreased with the increase of density.

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汪恩良,富翔,韓紅衛(wèi),解飛,莊峰.中國東北地區(qū)季節(jié)性積雪導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)及溫度變化特征分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(1):275-285. WANG Enliang, FU Xiang, HAN Hongwei, XIE Fei, ZHUANG Feng. Analysis of Thermal Conductivity and Temperature Variation Characteristics of Seasonal Snow in Northeast China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(1):275-285.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-01-10
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