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馬鈴薯清選機(jī)氣力懸浮薯石分離裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0701603-02)、山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應(yīng)用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(SD2019NJ010)、山東省泰山產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)軍人才工程高效生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新類項(xiàng)目(LJNY201615)和山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2017CXGC0219)


Design and Experiment of Potato-stone Separator Based on Airflow Suspension Technology
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)以聯(lián)合收獲為主的北方馬鈴薯主產(chǎn)區(qū),馬鈴薯收獲后薯石分離人工撿拾工作量大、清選效率低,且清選潔凈率較低等問(wèn)題,利用薯塊和石塊密度不同的特點(diǎn),采用氣力懸浮輸送技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)了馬鈴薯清選機(jī)氣力懸浮薯石分離裝置,并基于該裝置研究了不同參數(shù)調(diào)整條件下的清選特性。利用高速氣流懸浮與振動(dòng)篩的擺動(dòng)作用,發(fā)揮氣力懸浮和振動(dòng)篩分離的雙重優(yōu)勢(shì),使薯塊與石塊在運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)分離。試驗(yàn)表明:當(dāng)氣流速度為35m/s、篩面傾角為18°和曲柄角速度為30rad/s時(shí),馬鈴薯選出率均值為96.71%,清選潔凈率均值為98.34%,各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)均滿足馬鈴薯清選作業(yè)要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of potato and stone separation in main potato production areas in northern China, especially in the area of combined harvest operation, which problem is the large workload for farmers to pick up and low cleaning efficiency. The airflow suspension technology was used and combined with shaking and layered separation, potato-stone separator based on airflow suspension technology was developed, and the cleaning characteristics under different parameters based on the separator was studied. The key parts of the potato-stone separator based on airflow suspension technology mainly included centrifugal fan, air pipe, material feeding device, impurity discharge device, shaking device and material falling position switching device. According to the different aerodynamic characteristics of different materials, the potato and stone could be separated automatically in the process of movement with the aid of high-speed airflow suspension and swing action of shaking sieve. The device give full play to the double advantages of airflow suspension technology and shaking separation. Field tests showed that, the impurity removal rate was 98.34%, the potato selection rate was 96.71%,and each performance index reached the industry standard when the wind speed was 35m/s, sieve angle was 18°and crank angular velocity was 30rad/s. This device could ensure the potato selection rate and the impurity removal rate, and the cleaning efficiency was improved, the production cost was reduced. It could provide a technical reference for further exploring the technology of potato harvester and potato-stone separator.

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耿端陽(yáng),蘇國(guó)粱,魏忠彩,譚德蕾,李學(xué)強(qiáng),劉洋.馬鈴薯清選機(jī)氣力懸浮薯石分離裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(5):102-110. GENG Duanyang, SU Guoliang, WEI Zhongcai, TAN Delei, LI Xueqiang, LIU Yang. Design and Experiment of Potato-stone Separator Based on Airflow Suspension Technology[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(5):102-110.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-12-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-10
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