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連棟玻璃溫室天溝結構對栽培區(qū)光環(huán)境的影響分析
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寧夏回族自治區(qū)重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018BBF02011)、寧夏回族自治區(qū)重點(重大)研發(fā)專項(2019BBF02010)和國家農業(yè)信息化工程技術研究中心壽光試驗站項目


Analysis and Optimization of Greenhouse Gutter Effect on Radiation Distribution inside Multi-span Greenhouses Based on Dynamic Model
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    為降低北方地區(qū)連棟溫室冬季生產能耗、提高溫室保溫性能,設計了大斜面外保溫連棟玻璃溫室,即壽光型智能玻璃溫室。該溫室采用大天溝設計,安裝了外保溫被及傳動機構,因此形成了較寬的遮陰帶,影響了栽培區(qū)的太陽輻射及溫室透光率。為分析天溝尺寸對室內光環(huán)境的影響,構建了連棟溫室天溝對溫室栽培區(qū)內不同位置輻射強度影響的動態(tài)模型,并基于該模型對室內光環(huán)境進行了均勻性與敏感性分析。結果表明:天溝結構對栽培區(qū)內日累積輻射平均值的影響程度從大到小依次為天溝間距、天溝寬度、天溝垂直厚度和天溝高度;壽光型智能玻璃溫室的天溝設計為相鄰兩天溝間距12.00m、天溝水平寬度1.60m、垂直厚度0.86m、天溝下沿離地面高度6.30m,可以保證栽培區(qū)內最佳的光照均勻性。不同情景下的模型模擬結果表明,為確保栽培區(qū)內光照均勻性,在栽培區(qū)內輻射強度變異系數(shù)最小的情況下,山東省壽光地區(qū)溫室天溝高度、天溝垂直厚度之和與天溝間距、天溝寬度之和的比值在0.49~0.54之間。本研究可為壽光型智能玻璃溫室在不同地區(qū)的設計應用提供理論依據(jù)。

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    Indoor farming system has played an important role in precision agriculture. In recent years, many innovative greenhouses have been built in China. In order to enhance the thermal insulation of multi-span greenhouses in northern region, external thermal screen has been installed on multi-span greenhouses (Shouguang-type intelligent greenhouses). The external thermal screen and its power mechanism were installed above a large gutter. However, the larger gutter caused the lower light intensity in the greenhouse. In order to analyze the indoor light environment and optimize the gutter and greenhouse design, a dynamic model of light distribution inside the greenhouse was constructed. Based on the model, the uniformity and sensitivity of indoor light environment were analyzed. The results showed that the order of the influence on the average value of daily accumulated radiation in the cultivation area was the gutter distance, width, depth and height. Among different design combinations, there were multiple optimal ones of light distribution in the cultivation area. And the current gutter design of Shouguang type greenhouse was reasonable for uniform indoor light environment on local winter solstice day, including the distance (12.00m), and width (1.60m), depth (0.86m) and height (6.30m) of single gutter. According to the simulation results under different scenarios, the suitable ratios of the sum of gutter height and depth over the sum of gutter distance and width among all the suitable designs (the minimum variation coefficient of radiation intensity) were between 0.49 and 0.54. The dynamic model could provide a theoretical basis for the design and application of Shouguang-type intelligent greenhouses in different regions.

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周波,孫維拓,郭文忠,周寶昌,石磊,李光聚.連棟玻璃溫室天溝結構對栽培區(qū)光環(huán)境的影響分析[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(5):286-292. ZHOU Bo, SUN Weituo, GUO Wenzhong, ZHOU Baochang, SHI Lei, LI Guangju. Analysis and Optimization of Greenhouse Gutter Effect on Radiation Distribution inside Multi-span Greenhouses Based on Dynamic Model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(5):286-292.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-10
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