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氣吸式三七育苗播種精密排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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云南省科技計(jì)劃農(nóng)業(yè)聯(lián)合專項(xiàng)重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(2018FG 001-007)和云南省科技廳重大科技專項(xiàng)(2017ZF001、2018ZC001-4-3)


Design and Test of Precision Seed Metering Device for Panax notoginseng Seedling and Seeding by Air Suction
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    針對(duì)機(jī)械式三七育苗播種排種器種子破損率高、需對(duì)種子進(jìn)行預(yù)先分級(jí)處理等問(wèn)題,基于負(fù)壓吸種、毛刷滾清種、正壓排種的工作原理設(shè)計(jì)了一種氣吸滾筒式排種器。對(duì)充種階段、清種階段、攜種階段、投種階段進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析,研究排種器的主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),分析影響排種性能的主要因素;結(jié)合單因素試驗(yàn),選取真空度、播種機(jī)作業(yè)速度、充種室種子質(zhì)量為試驗(yàn)因素,以合格指數(shù)、漏播指數(shù)、重播指數(shù)為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了三因素五水平二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn),建立了試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)與試驗(yàn)因素間的回歸方程。借助Design-Expert 10.0軟件,采用響應(yīng)曲面法分析得出,影響充種性能的各因素主次順序?yàn)椋翰シN機(jī)作業(yè)速度、真空度、充種室種子質(zhì)量。通過(guò)參數(shù)優(yōu)化,得到最佳參數(shù)組合為:播種機(jī)作業(yè)速度0.18m/s、真空度9.6kPa、充種室種子質(zhì)量1.2kg,此時(shí)合格指數(shù)95.6%,重播指數(shù)0.4%,漏播指數(shù)4.0%,滿足三七播種的農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems such as high seed damage rate and the requirement about seed grading pre-treatment of the mechanical Panax notoginseng seedling seeding device, a kind of air suction roller sowing seed device was designed by using the working principle of negative pressure seed suction, brush rolling and clean seed, and positive pressure throwing seeds. Through the mechanical analysis of the filling stage, the clearing stage, the carrying stage and the sowing stage, the main structural parameters of the seed-arrangement were studied and the main influencing factors of the performance of the seed-arrangement were analyzed. In combination with single factor test results, vacuum degree, drill speed, filling indoor seed quality as test factors, taking the qualified index, the missed seeding index, and seeding replant index as test indexes, three factors five levels quadratic orthogonal rotating test was carried out, to establish the regression equation between the test indexes and test factors, using the Design-Expert 10.0 software, by using the response surface method, all the factors affecting the filling performance of primary and secondary sequences were analyzed as follows: working speed of the seeder, degree of vacuum, and seed quality. Through parameter optimization, it was concluded that the optimal combination of parameters was as follows: the working speed of the seeder was 0.18m/s, the vacuum degree was 9.6kPa and the seed quality of the filling chamber was 1.2kg. At this time, the qualified index was 95.6%, the seeding replant index was 0.4% and the missed seeding index was 4.0%, which can meet the agronomic requirements of Panax notoginseng sowing.

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楊文彩,闞成龍,張效偉,吳翀,杜遷,潘吳建.氣吸式三七育苗播種精密排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(6):95-105. YANG Wencai, KAN Chenglong, ZHANG Xiaowei, WU Chong, DU Qian, PAN Wujian. Design and Test of Precision Seed Metering Device for Panax notoginseng Seedling and Seeding by Air Suction[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(6):95-105.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-06-10