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棉花氣吸滾筒式穴播器二次投種機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020YFD1000902)、山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應(yīng)用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(SD2019NJ002)、山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2019JZZY010702)和山東省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(CXGC2018E18)


Design and Test of Secondary Seed Feeding Mechanism of Air-suction Roller Dibbler for Cotton
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    摘要:

    針對棉花氣吸滾筒式穴播器因投種性能不穩(wěn)定而造成排種質(zhì)量下降的問題,在氣吸滾筒式穴播器的取種盤和鴨嘴之間增設(shè)二次投種機(jī)構(gòu),通過重新規(guī)劃種子運(yùn)動(dòng)路徑,降低投種點(diǎn)高度,減少了漏播和重播現(xiàn)象,提高了氣吸滾筒式穴播器的排種性能。在保證氣吸滾筒式穴播器取種方式不變的前提下,依次對二次投種機(jī)構(gòu)的安裝位置、種道輪廓和出入口的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)和分析,并采用離散元法對種子運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡、運(yùn)動(dòng)速度和排種性能進(jìn)行了仿真,闡明了漏播和重播產(chǎn)生機(jī)理。以合格指數(shù)、漏播指數(shù)和重播指數(shù)為評價(jià)指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了三因素二次旋轉(zhuǎn)正交組合試驗(yàn),分析了安裝角、作業(yè)速度、內(nèi)種道高度對排種性能的影響。結(jié)果表明:安裝角對合格指數(shù)的影響最大,內(nèi)種道高度對合格指數(shù)的影響最??;當(dāng)安裝角為10.95°、作業(yè)速度為3.29km/h、內(nèi)種道高度為16.68mm時(shí),排種性能最佳,此時(shí)合格指數(shù)為98.40%,漏播指數(shù)為0.85%,重播指數(shù)為0.75%。田間試驗(yàn)表明:優(yōu)化后二次投種機(jī)構(gòu)的氣吸滾筒式穴播器的合格指數(shù)為98.06%,較普通穴播器提升2.21個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of the seeding quality descend caused by the poor performance of the dibbler, a secondary seed feeding mechanism was added between the seed taking plate and the duck’s beak. The purpose was to improve the seeding performance by planning the seed movement path, reducing the height of seed point, and reducing the phenomenon of missing and replaying. On the basis of the air suction roller type dibbler, the installation position, seed path contour, entrance and exit structural parameters of the secondary seed feeding mechanism were designed and analyzed. The trajectory, velocity and seeding performance of seeds were discussed by discrete element method. The causes of the phenomenon of missing and replaying were clarified. And the evaluation index of seeding performance of secondary seed feeding mechanism was determined as follows: qualified index, missing index and replaying index. Three factors quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test was carried out to study the influence of installation angle, operating speed and inner seed channel height on seeding performance. The results showed that the installation angle had a great influence on the seeding performance, the height of inner seeding channel had the least influence on the pass index. When the installation angle was 10.95°, the operating speed was 3.29km/h, and the height of inner seed channel was 16.68mm, the qualified index was 98.40%, the missing index was 0.85%, and the replaying index was 0.75%. Field experiments were carried out, the qualified index of the dibbler with the optimized secondary seed feeding mechanism was 98.06%, which was 2.21 percentage points higher than that of ordinary dibbler.

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張春艷,康建明,彭強(qiáng)吉,張寧寧,王小瑜,薦世春.棉花氣吸滾筒式穴播器二次投種機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(6):106-116. ZHANG Chunyan, KANG Jianming, PENG Qiangji, ZHANG Ningning, WANG Xiaoyu, JIAN Shichun. Design and Test of Secondary Seed Feeding Mechanism of Air-suction Roller Dibbler for Cotton[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(6):106-116.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-06-10