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齒輥式飼草作物調(diào)制試驗(yàn)臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0701701-01)


Design and Experiment of Toothed Roller Forage Crop Conditioning Test Bench
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    摘要:

    為研究青飼料收獲機(jī)調(diào)制部件工作參數(shù)對(duì)飼草作物調(diào)制性能的影響,設(shè)計(jì)了一種調(diào)制輥間隙可調(diào)的齒輥式飼草作物調(diào)制試驗(yàn)臺(tái)。試驗(yàn)臺(tái)主要由調(diào)制輥、間隙調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)、調(diào)制輥快速更換機(jī)構(gòu)及測(cè)控系統(tǒng)等組成,通過(guò)測(cè)控系統(tǒng)可實(shí)時(shí)采集固定輥與傳動(dòng)軸之間的扭矩、轉(zhuǎn)速等信息,進(jìn)而得到試驗(yàn)臺(tái)能耗。為檢驗(yàn)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的工作性能,以青貯玉米為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,以固定輥轉(zhuǎn)速、調(diào)制輥單位工作長(zhǎng)度喂入量和調(diào)制輥間隙為試驗(yàn)因素,以單位能耗、莖稈破節(jié)率和籽粒破碎率為目標(biāo)參數(shù),采用Box-Behnken試驗(yàn)方法進(jìn)行三因素三水平響應(yīng)面試驗(yàn),通過(guò)分析分別建立了目標(biāo)值與試驗(yàn)因素的二次回歸模型,得到試驗(yàn)條件下調(diào)制最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)組合為固定輥轉(zhuǎn)速1157r/min、調(diào)制輥單位工作長(zhǎng)度喂入量10.84kg/(m〖DK〗·s)、調(diào)制輥間隙2.6mm,目標(biāo)值最優(yōu)解為單位能耗2347.44J/kg、莖稈破節(jié)率95.66%、籽粒破碎率95.19%。利用青貯玉米進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,在最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)組合條件下,單位能耗、莖稈破節(jié)率、籽粒破碎率分別為2377.53J/kg、95.62%、95.02%,與理論優(yōu)化值相對(duì)誤差均小于1%。本研究可為飼草作物調(diào)制機(jī)械的設(shè)計(jì)及工作參數(shù)的選擇提供數(shù)據(jù)參考與技術(shù)支持。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the influence of various factors on the forage crops conditioning performance and improve the quality of forage crops after harvest, a toothed roller conditioning test bench with adjustable space between conditioning rollers was designed. The test bench was mainly composed of conditioning roller, gap adjusting mechanism, quick changing mechanism of conditioning roller and measurement and control system, etc. The measurement and control system can collect the torque and speed information between the fixed roller and the transmission shaft in real time, and then calculate the energy consumption of the test bed. In order to test the performance of the conditioning test bench, taking the rotate speed of the fixed roller, the feeding rate of the per unit working length of the conditioning rollers and the gap of the conditioning rollers as the experimental factors, the unit energy consumption, the stem breakage rate and the grain breakage rate as the target values, a three-factor three-level response surface test with the Box-Behnken test method was carried out using forage crops. By the analysis of the test data, the quadratic regression models of the unit energy consumption, the stem breakage rate and the grain breakage rate were established, respectively, the optimal solution of the working parameters of the forage crops conditioning test bench were achieved, that was, the rotate speed of the fixed roller was 1157r/min, and the feeding rate of the per unit working length of the conditioning rollers was 10.84kg/(m〖DK〗·s), and the gap of conditioning rollers was 2.6mm. Meanwhile, the optimal solutions of the conditioning qualities of the forage crops under the optimal working parameters conditions were achieved, respectively, that was, the unit energy consumption was 2347.44J/kg, the stem breakage rate was 95.66%, and the grain breakage rate was 95.19%. Subsequently, the working parameters of the forage crops conditioning test bench were set as the optimal solution parameters of the models listed above, the confirmation tests with the forage crops were carried out. The results showed that the measurement values of the conditioning quality parameters of the forage crops under the optimal working parameters conditions were consistent with the optimization results, that was, the unit energy consumption, the stem breakage rate and the grain breakage rate of the forage crops were respectively 2377.53J/kg, 95.62% and 95.02%, the relative errors between the solution optimization values of the models and the measured values of the confirmation tests were less than 1%. The research results provided data reference and technical support for the design of forage crop conditioning machinery and the selection of working parameters.

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李法德,邢書侖,田富洋,閆銀發(fā),王瑾,宋占華.齒輥式飼草作物調(diào)制試驗(yàn)臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(6):136-147. LI Fade, XING Shulun, TIAN Fuyang, YAN Yinfa, WANG Jin, SONG Zhanhua. Design and Experiment of Toothed Roller Forage Crop Conditioning Test Bench[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(6):136-147.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-06-10