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基于CTB-RRT*的果蔬采摘機(jī)械臂運(yùn)動(dòng)路徑規(guī)劃
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廣東省重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019B020222002)、廣東省鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略專項(xiàng)(粵財(cái)農(nóng)[2019]73號(hào))、廣東省農(nóng)產(chǎn)品保鮮物流共性關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(2021KJ145)和廣州市院士專家工作站項(xiàng)目(穗科協(xié)[2019]48號(hào))


Motion Planning of Picking Manipulator Based on CTB-RRT* Algorithm
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)多自由度果蔬采摘機(jī)械臂運(yùn)動(dòng)路徑規(guī)劃速度慢、效率低、路徑成本高的問題,提出了柯西目標(biāo)引力雙向RRT*(Cauchy target gravitational bidirectional RRT*,CTB-RRT*)算法,通過柯西分布的方法進(jìn)行啟發(fā)式采樣,降低采樣的盲目性;引入目標(biāo)引力,并動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)隨機(jī)生長(zhǎng)方向和目標(biāo)方向的步長(zhǎng),提高局部搜索速度;引入節(jié)點(diǎn)拒絕策略,剔除不必要的采樣節(jié)點(diǎn),提高計(jì)算效率。通過二維和三維算法模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),6自由度機(jī)械臂的避障采摘模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了提出算法的有效性。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:相比于RRT*-connect算法,改進(jìn)算法的路徑成本縮短了5.5%,運(yùn)行時(shí)間降低了71.8%,采樣節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)下降了64.2%。在機(jī)器人操作系統(tǒng)(Robot operating system, ROS)中控制6自由度機(jī)械臂執(zhí)行避障采摘運(yùn)動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng)成功率達(dá)到99%,運(yùn)行時(shí)間為0.33s,相比于RRT*-connect算法,路徑成本降低了12.6%,運(yùn)行時(shí)間減少了69.2%,擴(kuò)展節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)減少了76.3%。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of slow motion planning, low efficiency, and high path cost of multi-degree of freedom picking manipulators. The Cauchy target gravitational bidirectional RRT*(CTB-RRT*) algorithm was proposed. Heuristic sampling was carried out by Cauchy distribution method to reduce the blindness of sampling. Through introducing target gravity, the step length of the random growth direction and the target direction were dynamically adjusted to improve the local search speed. What’s more, a node rejection strategy was introduced to eliminate unnecessary sampling nodes and improve calculation efficiency. Through two-dimensional and three-dimensional algorithm simulation experiments, the 6-DOF manipulator's obstacle avoidance picking simulation experiment verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results of research and simulation experiments showed that the path cost of the improved algorithm was reduced by 5.5%, the search time was reduced by 71.8%, and the number of sampling nodes was reduced by 64.2%, comparing with the RRT*-connect algorithm. To verify the feasibility of the algorithm, the 6-DOF manipulator was controlled to perform obstacle avoidance picking movement in the robot operating system (ROS). The success rate of motion was 99%, and the running time was 0.33s. Comparing with the RRT*-connect algorithm, the path cost was reduced by 12.6%, and the running time was reduced by 69.2%. The number of expansion nodes was reduced by 76.3%.

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張勤,樂曉亮,李彬,蔣先平,熊征,徐燦.基于CTB-RRT*的果蔬采摘機(jī)械臂運(yùn)動(dòng)路徑規(guī)劃[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(10):129-136. ZHANG Qin, YUE Xiaoliang, LI Bin, JIANG Xianping, XIONG Zheng, XU Can. Motion Planning of Picking Manipulator Based on CTB-RRT* Algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(10):129-136.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-11-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-01-02
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