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灌溉施氮和種植密度對(duì)棉花葉面積指數(shù)與產(chǎn)量的影響
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(51679190、51979220)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(41830754)和新疆水專項(xiàng)(2020.D-001)


Effect of Irrigation Amount, Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density on Cotton Leaf Area Index and Yield
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    摘要:

    為構(gòu)建便于實(shí)際應(yīng)用的棉花葉面積指數(shù)和產(chǎn)量模型,綜合考慮灌溉、施肥、種植密度及覆膜的影響,建立了基于相對(duì)有效積溫的普適棉花相對(duì)葉面積指數(shù)的Logistic模型,并研究了棉花最大葉面積指數(shù)與全生育期灌水量、施氮量、種植密度及產(chǎn)量之間的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明:覆膜棉花葉面積指數(shù)最大時(shí)的有效積溫為1400℃左右,不覆膜棉花的葉面積指數(shù)最大時(shí)的有效積溫為1600℃左右。棉花最大葉面積指數(shù)隨耗水量、施氮量呈現(xiàn)出先增后減的變化趨勢(shì),而種植密度與最大葉面積指數(shù)之間表現(xiàn)出明顯的正相關(guān)性。綜合考慮灌水量、施氮量和種植密度的作用可以較為準(zhǔn)確描述最大葉面積指數(shù)變化特征。棉花產(chǎn)量隨著最大葉面積指數(shù)的變化呈現(xiàn)出明顯的先增后減的變化趨勢(shì),當(dāng)最大葉面積指數(shù)為4.93時(shí)籽棉產(chǎn)量最大達(dá)6066.2kg/hm2。相對(duì)化分析結(jié)果表明,覆膜與不覆膜棉花相對(duì)葉面積指數(shù)的變化趨勢(shì)基本一致,相應(yīng)的模型參數(shù)也基本相同,從而建立了全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)覆膜與不覆膜棉花統(tǒng)一的相對(duì)葉面積指數(shù)的Logistic模型。該研究為棉花科學(xué)種植和精細(xì)化管理提供了方法,也為其他作物在不同管理措施和地域時(shí)進(jìn)行建模提供了參考。

    Abstract:

    The effects of irrigation, fertilization, planting density and filmmulching were comprehensively analyzed in order to develop a universal Logistic model of cotton relative leaf area index based on the relative growing degree days as the independent variable. The relationship between the maximum leaf area index of cotton and irrigation amount, nitrogen application rate, planting density and yield during the whole growth period was studied. The results showed that the growing degree days of the maximum leaf area index of cotton with film-mulching was about 1400℃, and growing degree days of the maximum leaf area index of cotton without film-mulching was about 1600℃. The maximum leaf area index of cotton was increased first and then decreased with water consumption and nitrogen application, and there was a significant positive correlation between planting density and maximum leaf area index. The maximum leaf area index can be described accurately through considering the effects of irrigation amount, nitrogen application rate and planting density. When the maximum leaf area index was 4.93, the maximum seed cotton yield was 6066.2kg/hm2. The results of relative analysis showed that the change trend of relative leaf area index of cotton with and without film-mulching was nearly the same, and the corresponding model parameters were also the same. A unified Logistic model of relative leaf area index of cotton with and without film-mulching was established. The research result can provide a method for scientific planting and fine management of cotton, and also can provide a reference for modeling other crops in different management and different regions.

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王全九,王康,蘇李君,張繼紅,韋開(kāi).灌溉施氮和種植密度對(duì)棉花葉面積指數(shù)與產(chǎn)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(12):300-312. WANG Quanjiu, WANG Kang, SU Lijun, ZHANG Jihong, WEI Kai. Effect of Irrigation Amount, Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density on Cotton Leaf Area Index and Yield[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(12):300-312.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-11-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-03-08
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