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北方蛋雞舍冬季顆粒物數(shù)值模擬與優(yōu)化設(shè)計
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廣東省重點領(lǐng)域研發(fā)計劃項目(2019B020215002-5)


Numerical Simulation and Optimization Design of Winter Particulate Matter in Northern Layer House
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    摘要:

    為了探明畜禽舍內(nèi)顆粒物分布規(guī)律,本文對吉林省某蛋雞舍內(nèi)不同粒徑顆粒物(PM1、PM2.5、PM10和總懸浮顆粒(TSP))濃度進(jìn)行監(jiān)測并分析不同粒徑顆粒物的分布特點,利用計算流體力學(xué)(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)技術(shù),對采用負(fù)壓通風(fēng)的密閉蛋雞舍的溫度場、濕度場、氣流場和顆粒物濃度場進(jìn)行三維穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬,并通過試驗進(jìn)行驗證,對不合理之處進(jìn)行優(yōu)化模擬設(shè)計。研究結(jié)果表明,溫度與PM1、PM2.5濃度呈正相關(guān)性(P<0.01);濕度與顆粒物濃度呈負(fù)相關(guān)性;TSP濃度主要受雞群活動影響。模擬溫度相對于實測值整體偏大,相對誤差為1.23%~8.88%;而相對濕度模擬值相對于實測值整體偏小,相對誤差為5.11%~14.00%。顆粒物濃度模擬值相對于實測值整體偏小,驗證了模型的準(zhǔn)確性。通過優(yōu)化導(dǎo)流板與壁面的角度,將角度增加至67.5°,優(yōu)化后舍內(nèi)氣流均勻性明顯增強(qiáng),氣流分布更加合理,并且舍內(nèi)PM1濃度下降17.4%、PM2.5濃度下降15.9%、PM10濃度下降18.1%、TSP濃度下降21.6%,更有利于雞體的生長發(fā)育和更好地改善雞舍舍內(nèi)空氣環(huán)境質(zhì)量。

    Abstract:

    It is important to find out the distribution pattern of particulate matter in livestock houses to reduce dust particle pollution and improve air quality in livestock houses. The concentrations of different particle sizes (PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and TSP) in a layer house in Jilin Province were monitored and the distribution characteristics of different particle sizes were analyzed. The temperature, humidity, airflow and particulate matter concentration fields of a closed layer house with negative pressure ventilation were simulated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology and the design was verified through experiments, and the unreasonable areas were optimized for simulation. The results showed that temperature was positively correlated with PM1 and PM2.5(P<0.01); humidity was negatively correlated with particulate matter; TSP concentration was mainly affected by chicken activity. The simulated temperature values were generally large relative to the measured values, with a relative error range of 1.23% to 8.88%; while the simulated relative humidity values were generally small relative to the measured values, with a relative error range of 5.11% to 14.00%. The simulated values of particulate matter concentration were small compared with the measured values, which verified the accuracy of the model. By optimizing the angle between the deflector and the wall, the angle was increased to 67.5°. After optimization, the airflow uniformity in the house was obviously enhanced, and the airflow distribution was more reasonable, and the concentration of PM1 in the house was decreased by 17.4%, and that of PM2.5 was decreased by 15.9%, PM10 was decreased by 18.1% and TSP was decreased by 21.6%, which was more conducive to the growth and development of chickens and better air quality improvement of the layer house. The research result revealed the distribution patterns of temperature, humidity, airflow and particle concentration fields in northern layer houses in winter, which can provide a reference basis for environment optimization in layer houses.

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袁月明,張碩,賈樂心,李錦生,劉碧瑩,周麗娜.北方蛋雞舍冬季顆粒物數(shù)值模擬與優(yōu)化設(shè)計[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2021,52(12):368-377. YUAN Yueming, ZHANG Shuo, JIA Lexin, LI Jinsheng, LIU Biying, ZHOU Li'na. Numerical Simulation and Optimization Design of Winter Particulate Matter in Northern Layer House[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(12):368-377.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-08-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-09-10
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