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高地隙施藥機噴桿自動調平系統(tǒng)設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(32171910)、山東省自然科學基金項目(ZR2020MC085)和山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項目(2019JZZY010734)


Design and Test of Automatic Beam Leveling System for High-clearance Sprayer
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    摘要:

    因田間地表起伏,高地隙施藥機在作業(yè)過程中車體極易發(fā)生橫滾方向的傾斜,同車體剛性連接的噴桿同時傾斜,甚至與作物、地面碰觸,影響噴藥均勻性和作業(yè)安全性。為此基于機電液一體化控制方法,設計了高地隙施藥機噴桿自動調平系統(tǒng)。設計電控液壓調平機構,使噴桿與車體柔性聯(lián)接,實現(xiàn)在橫滾方向上噴桿與車體的相對轉動。采用姿態(tài)測量方法實時檢測噴桿橫滾角度,對橫滾角度進行平均值濾波以準確感知噴桿姿態(tài)。采用增量式PID算法計算并輸出信號至液壓電磁閥以控制調平油缸動作,實時調節(jié)噴桿在橫滾方向上的姿態(tài)。以華盛泰山3WP-500G型施藥機為平臺,在場地試驗過程中,通過改變響應閾值與平均值濾波器參數(shù),對系統(tǒng)響應速度、穩(wěn)定性和控制誤差進行對比分析,確定了噴桿自動調平參數(shù)最優(yōu)組合,測試調平誤差最大值為1.84°,均方根誤差小于等于0.689°。田間試驗結果表明,調平誤差最大值為1.53°,平均值為0.135°,均方根誤差為0.454°,噴桿調平后角度保持1°以內,70%時間角度在0.5°以內,滿足噴桿自動調平控制要求。

    Abstract:

    Since the ground surface is uneven in the field, the body of the high-clearance sprayer is prone to tilt in the rolling direction during operation and the spray beam tends to incline and even touches the crop or the ground, which is the potential of accident. Considering this problem, an automatic spray beam leveling system for the high-clearance sprayer was developed by using a mechatronicshydraulic integrated control method. An electronically controlled hydraulic leveling mechanism was designed to connect with the spray bar through a hinged point that allowed rotation of the spray bar relative to the vehicle body in the rolling direction. The attitude measurement method was used to detect the roll angle of the beam in real time, and the average value of the roll angle was filtered to accurately sense the posture of the beam. An incremental PID algorithm was used to calculate and output signals to the solenoid valve to control the cylinder so that the spray beam was automatically adjusted in the roll direction. Taking the Huasheng Taishan 3WP-500G sprayer as the platform, the newly developed automatic spray beam leveling system was tested by changing the threshold and the average number of the filter, the system response rate, the control stability and error were analyzed, according to which the combination of parameters was optimized. The step results showed that the maximum value of the leveling error was 1.84°, the root mean square error was no more than 0.689°, and field results showed that the maximum value of the leveling error was 1.53°, the average value was 0.135°, and the root mean square error was no more than 0.5°, the angle of the sprayer beam after leveling was within 1°, and the angle was below 0.5° for more than 70% of the time, which indicated that the automatic spray beam leveling system can meet the requirements of automatic beam leveling control. The research result can improve the operation quality and safety of the sprayer and also can provide a reference for the automatic leveling of the spray beam.

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印祥,安家豪,王顯,王亞林,李加琪,金誠謙.高地隙施藥機噴桿自動調平系統(tǒng)設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(2):98-105,115. YIN Xiang, AN Jiahao, WANG Xian, WANG Yalin, LI Jiaqi, JIN Chengqian. Design and Test of Automatic Beam Leveling System for High-clearance Sprayer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(2):98-105,115.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-12
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