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油菜基質(zhì)塊苗移栽機(jī)雙向遞進(jìn)式送苗裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020YFD1000904)、財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-12)和湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新行動(dòng)項(xiàng)目


Design and Experiment of Two-way Progressive Seedling Feeding for Rape Substrate Transplanters
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    摘要:

    針對油菜移栽機(jī)以半自動(dòng)化為主,缺乏與基質(zhì)塊苗取苗機(jī)構(gòu)相匹配送苗裝置的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種油菜基質(zhì)塊苗移栽機(jī)雙向遞進(jìn)式送苗裝置。闡述了送苗裝置工作過程,測定了油菜載苗基質(zhì)塊力學(xué)特性,確定了送苗過程中載苗基質(zhì)塊穩(wěn)定輸送的工作參數(shù),構(gòu)建了送苗過程中橫向遞進(jìn)送苗階段和縱向連續(xù)送苗階段運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型。以苗框底高、上導(dǎo)桿高度、縱向送苗速度為因素,送苗同步率、送取苗成功率為評價(jià)指標(biāo),開展了單因素試驗(yàn)和三因素三水平二次正交組合試驗(yàn)。單因素試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)苗框底高為5~25mm、上導(dǎo)桿高度為45~55mm、縱向送苗速度為80~140mm/s時(shí),送苗效果較好。二次正交組合試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:苗框底高為10.7mm、上導(dǎo)桿高度為50.0mm、縱向送苗速度為140.0mm/s時(shí)送苗效果較優(yōu),較優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)得出送苗同步率為94.54%,送取苗成功率為93.13%,田間驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明送苗同步率為92.20%,滿足油菜移栽機(jī)送苗技術(shù)要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem that the rape transplanter is mainly semi-automatic and lacks the seedling feeding device matching with the substrate block seedling separating mechanism, a two-way progressive seedling feeding device for rape substrate transplanter was designed. The working process of the seedling delivery device was described, the mechanical properties of the substrate block were measured, the working parameters of the stable transportation of the substrate block were determined, and the kinematic models of the lateral progressive seedling delivery stage and the longitudinal continuous seedling delivery stage were constructed. The single factor experiment and three factor three level quadratic orthogonal combination experiment were carried out with the bottom height of seedling frame, the height of upper guide rod, the longitudinal seedling delivery speed as the factors, the synchronization rate of seedling delivery and the success rate of seedling delivery as the evaluation indexes. The results of single factor test showed that when the bottom height of seedling frame was 5~25mm, the height of upper guide rod was 45~55mm, and the longitudinal seedling feeding speed was 80~140mm/s, the seedling feeding effect was better. The results of quadratic orthogonal combination test showed that when the bottom height of seedling frame was 10.7mm, the height of upper guide rod was 50.0mm, and the longitudinal seedling delivery speed was 140.0mm/s, the seedling delivery synchronization rate was 9454%, and the success rate of seedling delivery was 93.13%. The results of field verification test showed that the seedling delivery synchronization rate was 92.20%, and the success rate of seedling delivery was 88.30%, which met the requirements of rape transplanter. The research result can provide a reference for the structural improvement of the transplanter.

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胡喬磊,袁佳誠,李心志,王磊,張青松,廖慶喜.油菜基質(zhì)塊苗移栽機(jī)雙向遞進(jìn)式送苗裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(2):106-115. HU Qiaolei, YUAN Jiacheng, LI Xinzhi, WANG Lei, ZHANG Qingsong, LIAO Qingxi. Design and Experiment of Two-way Progressive Seedling Feeding for Rape Substrate Transplanters[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(2):106-115.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-02-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-03-24
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